Contamination du peuplement de poissons d'un étang de la réserve naturelle nationale de Camargue, le Vaccarès, par des polluants organiques persistants

• Main Authors: Rochez, Hélène, Buet, Astrid, Tidou, Abiba, Ramade, Francois
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2003
• Subjects: Resistent organic pollutant; Anguilla anguilla; Carassius auratus; Pisces; Hydrocarbon; Camargue; Coastal lagoon; Pond; Interspecific comparison; Biological monitoring; Biological accumulation; Pesticides; Polycyclic aromatic compound; Polychlorobiphenyl; Organochlorine compounds; Pollutant; Nature reserve; Animal community; Chemical contamination; Hydrocarbure; Lagune; Etang; Comparaison interspécifique; Surveillance biologique; Accumulation biologique; Pesticide; Composé aromatique polycyclique; Biphényle(polychloro); Organochloré; Polluant; Réserve naturelle; Communauté animale; Contamination chimique; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-03530132; https://hal.science/hal-03530132/document; https://hal.science/hal-03530132/file/bitstream_113923.pdf

International audience This paper reports the major results from researches carried out in order to assess the overall contamination by the persistent organic pollutants of some dominant species of the fish community from a protected coastal wetland, the NNR of Camargue and their possible ecotoxicological effects. Levels of organochlorine compounds (OC) especially pesticide residues (lindane, dieldrin, hexachorobenzene and p,p′-DDE), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) were analyzed in organs (muscle, liver, and/or bile) of fishes, collected during 4 years (1997 to 2000) from the Vaccarès Lagoon, a brackish waters habitat, in the French National Nature Reserve of Camargue. European eels (Anguilla anguilla), crucian carps (Carassius auratus), catfish — black bullheads — (Ictalurus melas) and sanders (Stizostedion luscioperca) were sampled in three coastal locations, in order to compare the geographical and temporal distribution of their contamination by this persistent organic pollutants. The PAH and OC contamination proved to be widespread and very fluctuating whatever the sampling site or the season. They reached in the average, especially for OC, a surprising high level for sample from a protected area largely exceeding, quite frequently, the ppm per dry weight. The large predators (eels and sanders) indeed were the most contaminated. The PCB reached the highest concentration into eels especially in fishes sampled in springtime. The lindane load, which culminated prior to July 1998 when its use was banned in France, has decreased since this time though it leveled at rates similar to the DDT one’s and remains presently still significant. At the opposite, liver and muscle concentrations of dieldrin and HCB have unexpectedly showed a trend to the increase since 1999. The inter-site variations are significant for the whole site sampled regarding the OC contamination. On the contrary, the levels of contamination are quite stable regarding the PCB and PAH what support the ...