Les approches « culturellement sécuritaires » envers les Autochtones en éducation

• Main Author: Gallant, Yannick
• Other Authors: Université Laval Québec (ULaval), Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur l'éducation et la vie au travail (CRIEVAT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2021
• Subjects: innu nation; indigenous; first nations; inuit people; Quebec; Canada; theories and practices; health and social services; cultural safety; empowerment of individuals and collectivities; empowerment; développement du pouvoir d'agir; sécurisation culturelle; Québec; nation innu; autochtone; premières nations; santé et services sociaux; fondements et pratiques; [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences; [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education; Carrefour; First Nations; inuit; Premières Nations
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03487117; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03487117/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03487117/file/2021_9%281%29_pp78-92_Gallant_Y.pdf

International audience Québec’s news has played a leading role in the mainstream breakthrough of the unfair treatments that have been endured by indigenouspeoples in the province’s public health and social services’ system. The social discussion that ensued, paradoxically, has led to more and moreof the First Nations’ and Inuit’s peoples to finally voice traumatic and violent experiences they’ve had. Calls to action, as to introduce ‘culturalsafety’-oriented practices in public services, by ways of trainings that would be given to the clinic and administrative personnel, have been madein an increasing manner. However, ‘cultural safety’-oriented practices, up to this point, allows the professionals’ monopoly of expertise toremain unquestioned — thus, the professional is deemed responsible to ‘culturally secure’ indigenous patients.As the lack of knowledge of First Nations’ and Inuit’s peoples’ realities is often pointed as ‘the Origin of Evil’ (Legault, 2020), some oftoday’s lead researchers don’t hesitate to point out that all social practices centered on a one-sided conception of expertise can be, potentially,damaging (Le Bossé, 2007; Ryan, 1971; Rappaport et Seidman, 2000; Ninacs, 2008). This article sheds some light on one of the mostpopular yet as polysemous concepts of recent years — empowerment — and suggests that it would be a better-suited alternative insofar asconcept-centered practices rather than cultural safety. L’actualité médiatique du Québec a contribué à ouvrir un dialogue sociétal sur les traitements subis par les Autochtonesdans le système de santé et des services sociaux de la province. Ce dialogue, paradoxalement, a entrainé de plus en plusde membres des Premières Nations à se confier sur leurs expériences de mauvais traitements. Les appels à introduiredavantage de « sécurisation culturelle » dans les services publics, par des formations aux employés sur les réalitésautochtones se multiplient. Pourtant, les pratiques fondées sur la sécurisation culturelle ne remettent aucunement ...