Performance of three iGrav superconducting gravity meters before and after transport to remote monitoring sites

• Published in: Geophysical Journal International
• Main Authors: Schäfer, Florian, Jousset, Philippe, Güntner, Andreas, Erbas, Kemal, Hinderer, Jacques, Rosat, Séverine, Voigt, Christian, Schöne, Tilo, Warburton, Richard
• Other Authors: GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Dynamique globale et déformation active (IPGS) (IPGS-DGDA), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2020
• Subjects: Time variable gravity; Time-series analysis; Instrumental noise; [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; Þeistareykir; Iceland
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02920445; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02920445/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02920445/file/Schafer_etal2020_iGravs_IcelandTransport_unedited.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa359

International audience High spatial and temporal resolution of gravity observations allows quantifying and understanding mass changes in volcanoes, geothermal or other complex geosystems. For this purpose, accurate gravity meters are required. However, transport of the gravity meters to remote study areas may affect the instrument's performance. In this work, we analyse the continuous measurements of three iGrav superconducting gravity meters (iGrav006, iGrav015 and iGrav032), before and after transport between different monitoring sites. For 4 months, we performed comparison measurements in a gravimetric observatory (J9, Strasbourg) where the three iGravs were subjected to the same environmental conditions. Subsequently, we transported them to Þeistareykir, a remote geothermal field in North Iceland. We examine the stability of three instrumental parameters: the calibration factors, noise levels and drift behaviour. For determining the calibration factor of each instrument, we used three methods: First, we performed relative calibration using side-by-side measurements with an observatory gravity meter (iOSG023) at J9. Secondly, we performed absolute calibration by comparing iGrav data and absolute gravity measurements (FG5#206) at J9 and Þeistareykir. Thirdly, we also developed an alternative method, based on intercomparison between pairs of iGravs to check the stability of relative calibration before and after transport to Iceland. The results show that observed changes of the relative calibration factors by transport were less than or equal to 0.01 per cent. Instrumental noise levels were similar before and after transport, whereas periods of high environmental noise at the Icelandic site limited the stability of the absolute calibration measurements, with uncertainties above 0.64 per cent (6 nm s–2 V–1). The initial transient drift of the iGravs was monotonically decreasing and seemed to be unaffected by transport when the 4K operating temperatures were maintained. However, it turned out that this cold ...