Mantoniella beaufortii and Mantoniella baffinensis sp. nov. (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae), two new green algal species from the high arctic

• Published in: Journal of Phycology
• Main Authors: Yau, Sheree, Lopes dos Santos, Adriana, Eikrem, Wenche, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, Gourvil, Priscillia, Balzano, Sergio, Escande, Marie‐Line, Moreau, Hervé, Vaulot, Daniel
• Other Authors: Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanyang Technological University Singapour, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), University of Oslo (UiO), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2019
• Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; Arctic; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02407962; https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02407962/document; https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02407962/file/Yau%20et%20al.%20-%20Mantoniella%20beaufortii%20and%20Mantoniella%20baffinensis.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12932

International audience Members of the class Mamiellophyceae comprise species that can dominate picophytoplankton diversity in polar waters. Yet, polar species are often morphologically indistinguishable from temperate species, although clearly separated by molecular features. Here we examine four Mamiellophyceae strains from the Canadian Arctic. The 18S rRNA and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) gene phylogeny place these strains within the family Mamiellaceae (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae) in two separate clades of the genus Mantoniella. ITS2 synapomorphies support their placement as two new species, Mantoniella beaufortii and Mantoniella baffinensis. Both species have round green cells with diameter between 3 and 5 μm, one long flagellum and a short flagellum (~1 μm) and are covered by spiderweb‐like scales, making both species similar to other Mantoniella species. Morphologically, M. beaufortii and M. baffinensis are most similar to the cosmopolitan M. squamata with only minor differences in scale structure distinguishing them. Screening of global marine metabarcoding data sets indicates M. beaufortii has only been recorded in seawater and sea ice samples from the Arctic, while no environmental barcode matches M. baffinensis. Like other Mamiellophyceae genera that have distinct polar and temperate species, the polar distribution of these new species suggests they are cold or ice‐adapted Mantoniella species.