Landslide tsunami case studies using a Boussinesq model and a fully nonlinear tsunami generation model

• Main Authors: Watts, P., Grilli, S. T., Kirby, J. T., Fryer, G. J., Tappin, D. R.
• Other Authors: Applied Fluids Engineering, Inc., Department of Ocean Engineering (DOE/URI), University of Rhode Island (URI), Center for Applied Coastal Research, University of Delaware Newark, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), University of Hawai‘i Mānoa (UHM), Kingsley Dunham Centre, British Geological Survey (BGS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2003
• Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces; environment; [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean; Atmosphere; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences; Skagway; Alaska
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00299049; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00299049/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00299049/file/nhess-3-391-2003.pdf

International audience Case studies of landslide tsunamis require integration of marine geology data and interpretations into numerical simulations of tsunami attack. Many landslide tsunami generation and propagation models have been proposed in recent time, further motivated by the 1998 Papua New Guinea event. However, few of these models have proven capable of integrating the best available marine geology data and interpretations into successful case studies that reproduce all available tsunami observations and records. We show that nonlinear and dispersive tsunami propagation models may be necessary for many landslide tsunami case studies. GEOWAVE is a comprehensive tsunami simulation model formed in part by combining the Tsunami Open and Progressive Initial Conditions System (TOPICS) with the fully non-linear Boussinesq water wave model FUNWAVE. TOPICS uses curve fits of numerical results from a fully nonlinear potential flow model to provide approximate landslide tsunami sources for tsunami propagation models, based on marine geology data and interpretations. In this work, we validate GEOWAVE with successful case studies of the 1946 Unimak, Alaska, the 1994 Skagway, Alaska, and the 1998 Papua New Guinea events. GEOWAVE simulates accurate runup and inundation at the same time, with no additional user interference or effort, using a slot technique. Wave breaking, if it occurs during shoaling or runup, is also accounted for with a dissipative breaking model acting on the wave front. The success of our case studies depends on the combination of accurate tsunami sources and an advanced tsunami propagation and inundation model.