Dietary and lifestyle factors of diabetes in Inuit of Canada

Introduction: Among Inuit, rates of diabetes are currently increasing. Objectives: To investigate the lifestyle factors associated with newly identified glucose intolerance (GI) among Inuit. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a subsample of 813 adults with a 2-hr oral glucose tolerance test who par...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Sefidbakht, Saghar
Other Authors: Grace Egeland Hovda (Supervisor)
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: McGill University 2010
Subjects:
Online Access:http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95221
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Summary:Introduction: Among Inuit, rates of diabetes are currently increasing. Objectives: To investigate the lifestyle factors associated with newly identified glucose intolerance (GI) among Inuit. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a subsample of 813 adults with a 2-hr oral glucose tolerance test who participated in the International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey (2007-2008). Those with pre-existing diabetes were excluded. Individual and dietary questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were also collected. Results: GI was associated with older age and a higher body mass index, %body fat, and waist circumference. Percent Energy protein and % Energy high-sugar drinks were positively associated with GI. Adjusting for those two aforementioned nutrients, %E traditional food was significantly protective (P<0.05). Fiber (g/d) was inversely and cholesterol (mg/d) was positively associated with risk for GI with a borderline significance (P< 0.10). Conclusion: These findings emphasize the need for dietary and lifestyle changes to prevent high rates of GI among Inuit. Introduction: Chez les Inuit, le taux de diabète courament à la hausse. Objectifs: Etudier les facteurs associés au style de vie, chez les Inuit nouvellement diagnostiqués avec l'intolérance au glucose (IG). Méthodes: Une étude transversale d'un sous-échantillon utilisant un test de glucose oral de tolerance de 2-h sur 813 adultes ayant participé à l “International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey” (2007-2008). Ceux qui ayant un diabète préexistant ont été exclus. Des questionnaires individuels et alimentaires et des mesures anthropométriques ont également été recueillis chez chacun des participants. Résultats: L'IG a été positivement associée à l'âge, l'indice de masse corporelle, le pourcentage de masse adipeuse, le tour de taille, le pourcentage d'énergie provenant des proteines et de l'énergie provenant des boissons sucrées. Après ajustement pour ces deux types d à liment, la nourriture traditionnelle offer une protection significative contre l' IG de (P <0.05). La consomation de fibres (g/j) est inversement associée et le cholestérol (mg /j) positivement associé au risque d' IG, avec une signification limitée (P <0.10). Conclusion: Ces résultats soulignent le besoin de changements nutritionels et de mode de vie pour prévenir les taux élevés d' IG chez les Inuit.