Observational Evidence of Ventilation Hotspots in the Southern Ocean

Standing meanders are a key component of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) circulation system, and numerical studies have shown that these features may locally enhance subduction, upwelling, as well as lateral and vertical tracer transport. Yet, observational data from these regions remain spa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Main Authors: Dove, Lilian A., Thompson, Andrew F., Balwada, Dhruv, Gray, Alison R.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: American Geophysical Union 2021
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jc017178
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Summary:Standing meanders are a key component of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) circulation system, and numerical studies have shown that these features may locally enhance subduction, upwelling, as well as lateral and vertical tracer transport. Yet, observational data from these regions remain sparse. Here, we present results based on measurements made by a group of autonomous platforms sampling an ACC standing meander formed due to the interaction of the Polar Front with the Southwest Indian Ridge. Two Seagliders were deployed alongside a Biogeochemical-Argo float that was advected through the standing meander. In the high eddy kinetic energy region of the standing meander, the glider observations reveal enhanced submesoscale frontal gradients as well as heightened tracer variability at depth, as compared to the more quiescent region further downstream. Vertical gradients in spice and apparent oxygen utilization are reduced in the standing meander despite similarities in the large-scale vertical stratification, suggesting greater ventilation of the surface ocean. These observations are consistent with numerical studies that highlight standing meanders as hotspots for ventilation and subduction due to enhanced mesoscale stirring and submesoscale vertical velocities. Our results emphasize the need to account for spatial heterogeneity in processes influencing air-sea exchange, carbon export, and biogeochemical cycling in the Southern Ocean. © 2021 American Geophysical Union. Issue Online: 19 July 2021; Version of Record online: 19 July 2021; Accepted manuscript online: 26 June 2021; Manuscript accepted: 24 June 2021; Manuscript revised: 18 May 2021; Manuscript received: 10 January 2021. The authors are grateful to the captain and crew of the R/V Thomas G. Thompson as well as A. Orsi, L. Talley, I. Rosso, G. Viglione, and M. Kotz for their assistance in deploying the gliders during the 2019 I06S GO-SHIP cruise. The authors thank D. Swift, S. Riser, and the SOCCOM executive team for increasing sampling frequency ...