Summary: | Observations made by the Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS), Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) and the long-wavelength Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) aboard the Cassini spacecraft reveal that the large, long-lived cyclonic vortex at Saturn's south pole has a 4200-km-diameter cloud-free nearly circular region. This region has a 4 K warm core extending from the troposphere into the stratosphere, concentric cloud walls extending 20–70 km above the internal clouds, and numerous external clouds whose anticyclonic vorticity suggests a convective origin. The rotation speeds of the vortex reach 150 ± 20 ms^-1 . The Saturn polar vortex has features in common with terrestrial hurricanes and with the Venus polar vortex. Neptune and other giant planets may also have strong polar vortices. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. Received 19 September 2008; revised 9 February 2009; accepted 15 February 2009. Available online 26 February 2009. This research was supported by the NASA Cassini Project. Supplemental Material - mmc1.mpg Supplemental Material - mmc2.avi
|