Primary and secondary sources of rare earths in the EU-28: results of the ASTER project
The ASTER project aims at establishing flows and stocks of certain critical rare earth elements at the scale of the EU-28, considering both primary and secondary sources. Material flow analyses were performed taking into account processes along the value chain (separation, manufacture, use, waste ma...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Conference Object |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2014
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://brgm.hal.science/hal-01019602 https://brgm.hal.science/hal-01019602/document https://brgm.hal.science/hal-01019602/file/ERES2014_ASTER_Tb_BRGM.pdf |
Summary: | The ASTER project aims at establishing flows and stocks of certain critical rare earth elements at the scale of the EU-28, considering both primary and secondary sources. Material flow analyses were performed taking into account processes along the value chain (separation, manufacture, use, waste management) and including also lithospheric (geologic) stocks. While this paper focuses on fluorescent lamp phosphors (Tb, Eu, Y), a paper by Planchon et al. (this conference) addresses permanent magnets and batteries (Nd, Pr, Dy). Results suggest that given the magnitude of flows in the EU-28, the development of a mining project in Sweden and/or Greenland would contribute significantly to reducing heavy rare earth; e.g. Tb, criticality. |
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