Schätzung des atmosphärischen Wasserdampfes aus GPS-Messungen und anderen Sondierungsverfahren in der Antarktis
The climate is affected by water vapor within the hydrological cycle as it is one of the most variable greenhouse gases (Elliot u. a., 1995). If the atmospheric temperature increases, then the atmospheric water vapor increases, too, as the atmosphere is able to store more water vapor with higher atm...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | unknown |
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Universität Bremen
2009
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| Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/30197/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/30197/1/Schulte_2010.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.39168 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.39168.d001 |
| Summary: | The climate is affected by water vapor within the hydrological cycle as it is one of the most variable greenhouse gases (Elliot u. a., 1995). If the atmospheric temperature increases, then the atmospheric water vapor increases, too, as the atmosphere is able to store more water vapor with higher atmospheric temperature. The atmospheric feedback effect generates vice versa higher temperatur in the atmosphere due to higher water vapor content. Furthermore atmospheric water vapor transports energy in form of latent heat. Moreover decrease and increase of water vapor facilitates clouding. All these characteristics make water vapor to one of the most important indicator for a possible global warming (IPCC, 2007). Water vapor is an important indicator for development of ice mass balance in Antarctica beside its direct meteorological relevance. Out of this reason it gives also a hint for a possible sea level rise (Bromwich und Parish, 1998). Water vapor can occur as precipitation in the atmosphere due to condensation. The level of precipitation influences furthermore the development of the Antarctic ice shield because of accumulation of fallen precipitation. In addition Antarctica exerts with its low temperatures a huge influence on the global climate (King und Turner, 1997). The ice shield reflects the incoming insolation and avoids a conversion of this radiation towards heat radiation. Antarctica is very sensible in relation to climate changes because of this ice-albedo-effect in comparison to other regions (Oerlemans und Bintanja, 1995). Hence it is possible to detect global climate changes and estimate their impacts with help of long- and shortterm developments of atmospheric water vapor in Antarctica. Radiosondes are often used to detect atmospheric parameter (Kraus, 2001). It is very difficult to use radiosondes in Antarctica or in Polar Regions because of the extreme climate conditions. For this reason most scientific stations which use radiosondes are located at the Antarctic coast because of the moderate ... |
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