Dictyoceratid sponge surveys and experimental sponge farming in Arnhem Land, northern Australia
During late 2003, 8 locations throughout Arnhem Land were surveyed for bath sponges. One sponge species, Coscinoderma, located at Sims Island and near the Warruwi Community on South Goulburn Is was considered to have quality spongin. Two additional sponge species, Ircinia gigantea from Maningrida an...
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| Format: | Dataset |
| Language: | unknown |
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data.gov.au
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| Online Access: | https://researchdata.edu.au/dictyoceratid-sponge-surveys-northern-australia/1925040 http://data.gov.au/dataset/5a18ac57-8dfc-441a-a303-6774327def80 |
| Summary: | During late 2003, 8 locations throughout Arnhem Land were surveyed for bath sponges. One sponge species, Coscinoderma, located at Sims Island and near the Warruwi Community on South Goulburn Is was considered to have quality spongin. Two additional sponge species, Ircinia gigantea from Maningrida and a Luffariella species from Sims Is, were also used during the first stages of the project. The three species were experimentally farmed in collaboration with Sea Rangers from the Warruwi and Maningrida communities at Sims Is and Haul Round Island, respectively. Four systems were examined for their suitability for farming bath sponges in Arnhem Land. The dropper-line system farmed sponge pieces or explants on weighted dropper lines that were attached to a subsurface horizontal line stretched between two floats. Survival was highest overall for explants placed inside mesh bags, with some explants doubling in size in a few months. However, the system was difficult to monitor and prone to tangling and thus unsuitable for commercial sponge farming in Arnhem Land. The second system we tested was a long-line system commonly used to farm pearl oysters. Sponges were farmed in monofilament and spider mesh panels that hung down from a suspended horizontal line. For Coscinoderma experimentally farmed at Sims Is, survival was very low with only 7 of the original 108 explants alive after 1 year. These explants were about two-thirds their initial size. Some of the hanging mesh panels became entangled with the rocky substrate. At Haul Round Is at Maningrida, all Coscinoderma translocated from Sims Is died within 2 months. The system was vandalised shortly afterwards. The third system we tested was the horizontal-line system, which farmed explants in mesh bags tied to a line suspended just off the substrate. Unfortunately, the horizontal-line system can tangle easily and is not suitable for farming bath sponges in its present form. The final system we trialled was the riser-line system, which consisted of a single line reaching from ... |
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