| Summary: | This is an archive of data from moorings deployed in Bering Strait from summer 2014 to summer 2015. Mooring deployments were funded by the NSF-Arctic Observing Network award PLR-1304052 (PI: Woodgate, Heimbach and Nguyen), in collaboration with the NOAA RUSALCA (Russian-US Long Term Census of the Arctic) program. The mooring work required 2 dedicated cruises: - in 2014 (30th June - 7th July), a ~ 8 day cruise on the US vessel Norseman2 deployed the moorings. Some CTD sections were run on this cruise, and those data are archived separately. - in 2015 (1st - 9th July), a ~ 9 day cruise on the US vessel Norseman2 deployed the moorings. Some CTD sections were run on this cruise, and those data are archived separately. For 2014 to 2015, a total of three moorings were deployed: - two moorings (A2 and A4) in the US channel of the strait, - one mooring (A3) at a site just north of the strait. In what follows, mooring names include a two digit suffix to represent year of deployment. Sites A2, and A3 were established in 1990. A2 and A3 have been occupied almost continuously (all years except 96-97) since then. Site A4 was established in 2001. Mooring location A2 is in the middle of the eastern (Alaskan side) channel. Mooring location A3 is just north of the strait, immediately east of the Russian-US EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) line. Experience has shown that site A3 samples both eastern and western channel water. Mooring location A4 is close to the Alaskan coast and allows measurement of the Alaska Coastal Current. For an overview of previous and on-going Bering Strait mooring work, please see http://psc.apl.washington.edu/BeringStrait.html. Moorings carry a variety of instruments, listed in the table below. All records are year-round, sampling hourly or more frequently (Time Int. in table below). Data from instruments marked with * are not included in this archive. For access to these data, please contact the named PI in list below table. 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ID Deployed Latitude Longitude Instrument S/N Time Inst. Water in Year (N) (W) Int. Depth Depth -------------------------------------------------------------------------- A3-14 2014 66 19.60 168 57.06 ISCAT 5471 NR 15m 56m ISCAT-Logger 22 30min ... 56m 300kHz-ADCP 10926 30min 43m 56m SBE16 2341 60min 43m 56m SBE16(atangle) 0005 60min 48m 56m ISUS* 88 - 48m 56m AURAL M2* 96 - 50m 56m A2-14 2014 65 46.85 168 34.09 ISCAT 8964 5min 16m 53m ISCAT-Logger 26 30min ... 53m 300kHz-ADCP 1495 30min 44m 53m AURAL M2* 113 - 49m 53m SBE16 1935 60min 49m 53m A4-14 2014 65 44.72 168 15.82 ISCAT 5472 NR 15m 47m ISCAT-Logger 23 30min ... 47m 300kHz-ADCP 12845 30min 37m 47m SBE16 2264 30min 40m 47m AURAL M2* 234 - 42m 47m -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depths are estimated from mooring design and pressure sensors where available, and are good to 1-2m. NR=instrument not recovered ND=No data Instruments with data included here: ISCAT - SBE37IM in ice resistant float, telemetering data inductively to a Logger below (system developed at APL-UW) 300KHz-ADCP - 300kHz RDI/Teledyne Workhorse Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler SBE37 Microcat - Seabird SBE 37 Temperature Salinity Pressure recorder SBE16woptic - Seabird SBE16plus with optical data (including some or all of fluorescence, turbidity, transmissivity and PAR) - see headers SBE26p-BPG - Seabird SBE26plus Bottom Pressure Gauge RCM9Turb - Aanderaa RCM9 acoustic current meter with turbidity sensor RCM9LW - Aanderaa Lightweight RCM9 acoustic current meter Instruments with data not included here: AARI-CM&CTD - Current meter and CTD from AARI (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Russia), PI: Igor Lavrenov, AARI ISUS - ISUS Nitrate sensor, PI: Terry Whitledge, UAF AURAL M2* - Aural Marine Mammal Acoustic Recorder, PI: Kate Stafford, UW Each data file contains the data from one instrument-year - the listed year in the mooring name is the year in which the mooring was deployed. Optics data from the SBE instruments are included in this archive only in the hex files (unconverted). For calibration data, please contact Tom Weingartner, UAF. For RCMs and SBEs, calibrated data are recorded in one file per instrument per year, with naming convention: BeringStrait_yyyy_ID_III_#####.ttt yyyy=Deployment year; ID=mooring ID; III=instrument type; #####=serial number; ttt=indicates calibration, with .pre=pre-deployment calibration used, .ppp=pre and post deployment calibrations merged. The SBE-16 and 37 hexidecimal files (unaltered from the download) are also included, indicated by extension .hex or .asc For the ADCPs, there are multiple files per instrument. BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####ADCPraw.000 = Binary download from the ADCP BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####_ADCPdeploytests.txt = pre deployment tests BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####_ADCPrecoverytest.txt = post deployment tests The remainder are ASCII conversions of the data, corrected for clock drift and magnetic declination. BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####.btm = ASCII bottom track data (including ice range and velocity) BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####.ins = ASCII instrument data (e.g. heading, pitch, roll, temperature) BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####_bin01.rdat = ASCII water velocity data in Bin 1 BeringStrait_yyyy__ID_#####.bin02.rdat = ASCII water velocity data in Bin 2 etc. (Bin depths are given in the data files) Header information is included in each data file. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- For details of the measurements and their interpretation, please see: Roach, A.T., K. Aagaard, C. H. Pease, S.A. Salo, T. Weingartner, V. Pavlov, and M. Kulakov (1995) Direct measurements of transport and water properties through Bering Strait, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 18,443-18,457. Woodgate, R.A., and K. Aagaard (2005) Revising the Bering Strait freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02602, doi:10.1029/2004GL021747. Woodgate, R.A., K. Aagaard, and T. Weingartner (2005) Monthly temperature, salinity, and transport variability of the Bering Strait throughflow, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, No. 4, L04601, doi:10.1029/2004GL021880. Woodgate, R. A., K. Aagaard, and T. J. Weingartner (2005) A year in the physical oceanography of the Chukchi Sea: Moored measurements from autumn 1990-1991,Deep-Sea Res., Part II, 52, 3116-3149, doi: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.016. Woodgate, R. A., K. Aagaard, and T. J. Weingartner (2006) Interannual changes in the Bering Strait fluxes of volume, heat and freshwater between 1991 and 2004, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L15609, doi:10.1029/2006GL026931. Woodgate, R. A., T. Weingartner, and R. Lindsay (2010), The 2007 Bering Strait oceanic heat flux and anomalous Arctic sea-ice retreat, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L01602, doi:10.1029/2009GL041621. Woodgate, R.A., T. Weingartner, and R. Lindsay (2012), Observed increases in Bering Strait oceanic fluxes from the Pacific to the Arctic from 2001 to 2011 and their impacts on the Arctic Ocean water column, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L24603, doi:10.1029/2012GL054092. For an overview, please see: http://psc.apl.washington.edu/BeringStrait.html and Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), Oceanography 28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57 For queries, please contact: Rebecca Woodgate woodgate@apl.washington.edu (206) 221-3268 Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington 1013 NE 40th, Seattle, WA 98105-6698 USA FAX (206) 543-6785 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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