Optimal evaluation of the surface ocean CO 2 system in the northern North Atlantic using data from voluntary observing ships
This work evaluates whether an accurate calculation of the entire CO 2 system in the northern North Atlantic can be carried out using a combination of in situ fugacity of CO 2 (fCO 2 ) and ancillary data often measured on Voluntary Observing Ships (VOS), i.e., sea surface temperature (SST) and sea s...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography: Methods |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2009
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lom.2009.7.109 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flom.2009.7.109 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lom.2009.7.109 |
Summary: | This work evaluates whether an accurate calculation of the entire CO 2 system in the northern North Atlantic can be carried out using a combination of in situ fugacity of CO 2 (fCO 2 ) and ancillary data often measured on Voluntary Observing Ships (VOS), i.e., sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS), as well as nitrate (NO 3 − ). Two approaches are tested: (I) determination of A t from SSS and then calculating C t from measured fCO 2 and estimated A t and (II) determination of C t from SSS, SST, and NO 3 − and then calculating A t from measured fCO 2 and estimated C t . The optimal approach was found to be determination of A t from SSS and then calculating C t from measured fCO 2 and estimated A t . This allowed A t to be determined with a mean bias of −1.8 µmol kg −1 and root mean square (rms) deviation 6.2 µmol kg −1 and then C t to be calculated with a mean bias of −1.0 µmol kg −1 and standard error of calculation of 7.4 µmol kg −1 , as validated using independent data sets. |
---|