Subchronic organismal toxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and feeding response of pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas) to lindane (γ‐HCH) exposure under experimental conditions

• Published in: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
• Main Authors: Anguiano, Gerardo, Llera‐Herrera, Raul, Rojas, Emilio, Vazquez‐Boucard, Celia
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2007
• Subjects: Pacific; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-377r3.1; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1897%2F06-377R3.1; https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1897/06-377R3.1

Abstract This study evaluated organismal toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity and the filtration rate in response to different concentrations of subchronic lindane (gamma‐hexachlorocyclohexane [γ‐HCH]), exposure (12 d) in adult Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed in vivo in laboratory aquaria to 10 different concentrations (0.0–10.0 mg/L) of γ‐HCH. The median lethal concentration (LC50) after 12 d was calculated as 2.22 mg/L. Cytotoxic effects were observed in hemocytes, where the mean cell viability was significantly decreased at 1.0 mg/L of γ‐HCH after 12 d. Genotoxicity of γ‐HCH measured by single cell gel electrophoresis assay, in hemocytes was evident at 0.7 mg/L of γ‐HCH after 12 d. After 4 h of exposure to γ‐HCH, filtration rates were reduced compared with controls to 65.8 and 38.2% at concentrations of 0.3 and 0.7 mg/L, respectively, and after 11 d of exposure, filtration rates were reduced to 60.4 and 30.9% at concentrations of 0.1 mg/L and higher. These results show the subchronic effects of γ‐HCH at different concentrations and effect sensitivities are categorized as filtration rate < genotoxicity < cytotoxicity < mortality. The relevance of integral toxicity evaluation, considering different endpoints from molecular, cellular, and individual levels is discussed.