Mantoniella beaufortii and Mantoniella baffinensis sp. nov. (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae), two new green algal species from the high arctic 1

Members of the class Mamiellophyceae comprise species that can dominate picophytoplankton diversity in polar waters. Yet, polar species are often morphologically indistinguishable from temperate species, although clearly separated by molecular features. Here we examine four Mamiellophyceae strains f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Phycology
Main Authors: Yau, Sheree, Lopes dos Santos, Adriana, Eikrem, Wenche, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, Gourvil, Priscillia, Balzano, Sergio, Escande, Marie‐Line, Moreau, Hervé, Vaulot, Daniel
Other Authors: Norges Forskningsråd
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019
Subjects:
Plant Science
Aquatic Science
Arctic
Sea ice
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12932
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jpy.12932
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/jpy.12932
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Summary:Members of the class Mamiellophyceae comprise species that can dominate picophytoplankton diversity in polar waters. Yet, polar species are often morphologically indistinguishable from temperate species, although clearly separated by molecular features. Here we examine four Mamiellophyceae strains from the Canadian Arctic. The 18S rRNA and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ( ITS 2) gene phylogeny place these strains within the family Mamiellaceae (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae) in two separate clades of the genus Mantoniella . ITS 2 synapomorphies support their placement as two new species, Mantoniella beaufortii and Mantoniella baffinensis . Both species have round green cells with diameter between 3 and 5 μm, one long flagellum and a short flagellum (~1 μm) and are covered by spiderweb‐like scales, making both species similar to other Mantoniella species. Morphologically, M. beaufortii and M. baffinensis are most similar to the cosmopolitan M. squamata with only minor differences in scale structure distinguishing them. Screening of global marine metabarcoding data sets indicates M . beaufortii has only been recorded in seawater and sea ice samples from the Arctic, while no environmental barcode matches M. baffinensis . Like other Mamiellophyceae genera that have distinct polar and temperate species, the polar distribution of these new species suggests they are cold or ice‐adapted Mantoniella species.

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