Phylogeography of the Y‐chromosome haplogroup C in northern Eurasia

• Published in: Annals of Human Genetics
• Main Authors: Malyarchuk, Boris, Derenko, Miroslava, Denisova, Galina, Wozniak, Marcin, Grzybowski, Tomasz, Dambueva, Irina, Zakharov, Ilia
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2010
• Subjects: The ''Y''; Koryaks; Siberia
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2010.00601.x; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1469-1809.2010.00601.x; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2010.00601.x

Summary To reconstruct the phylogenetic structure of Y‐chromosome haplogroup (hg) C in populations of northern Eurasia, we have analyzed the diversity of microsatellite (STR) loci in a total sample of 413 males from 18 ethnic groups of Siberia, Eastern Asia and Eastern Europe. Analysis of SNP markers revealed that all Y‐chromosomes studied belong to hg C3 and its subhaplogroups C3c and C3d, although some populations (such as Mongols and Koryaks) demonstrate a relatively high input (more than 30%) of yet unidentified C3* haplotypes. Median joining network analysis of STR haplotypes demonstrates that Y‐chromosome gene pools of populations studied are characterized by the presence of DNA clusters originating from a limited number of frequent founder haplotypes. These are subhaplogroup C3d characteristic for Mongolic‐speaking populations, “star cluster” in C3* paragroup, and a set of DYS19 duplicated C3c Y‐chromosomes. All these DNA clusters show relatively recent coalescent times (less than 3000 years), so it is probable that founder effects, including social selection resulting in high male fertility associated with a limited number of paternal lineages, may explain the observed distribution of hg C3 lineages.