Psyllid honeydew as a Bombus food source in the boreal landscape
Abstract Bumblebees are opportunistic resource consumers and have been known to visit extrafloral nectaries and harvest aphid and scale honeydew. We report the first observation of bumblebees foraging psyllid honeydew in a tritrophic system in the boreal forest of Yukon Territory, Canada. In this sy...
Published in: | Ecological Entomology |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2022
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.13147 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/een.13147 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/een.13147 |
Summary: | Abstract Bumblebees are opportunistic resource consumers and have been known to visit extrafloral nectaries and harvest aphid and scale honeydew. We report the first observation of bumblebees foraging psyllid honeydew in a tritrophic system in the boreal forest of Yukon Territory, Canada. In this system, a willow ( Salix alaxensis ) develops bizarrely enlarged petiole bases which act as nursery cavities for large numbers of psyllid immatures of Cacopsylla macleani (Homoptera: Psyllidae), with later instars dispersing over the underside of the leaf. These immatures produced abundant honeydew which was vigorously and persistently foraged by several bumblebees of multiple species (we identified Bombus vancouverensis , Bombus melanopygus and Bombus mckayi ). Ants and vespid wasps were also present but in lower numbers. Salix alaxensis and Salix āfeeding psyllids are common throughout arctic and boreal regions, so honeydew production is potentially a supplementary food source for Bombus when floral nectar flows are limited due to low temperatures or drought. |
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