Cooling of the Sverdrup Basin during Tertiary basin inversion: implications for hydrocarbon exploration

• Published in: Basin Research
• Main Authors: Arne, D.C., Grist, A.M., Zentilli, M., Collins, M., Embry, A., Gentzis, T.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2002
• Subjects: Geology; Arctic; Ellesmere Island; Canadian Arctic Archipelago; Heiberg; Axel Heiberg Island; Lake Hazen; Amerasia Basin; East Cape; Vesle Fiord; Arctic Archipelago; sverdrup basin
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2117.2002.00163.x; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2117.2002.00163.x; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2117.2002.00163.x

ABSTRACT The regional thermal history of the north‐eastern Sverdrup Basin, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, has been assessed using apatite fission‐track thermochronology and vitrinite reflectance data. Fission‐track data for 27 samples from six wells through the Mesozoic section on Axel Heiberg and Ellesmere Islands reveal significant Palaeocene cooling associated with basin inversion during the Eurekan Orogeny. Fission‐track data for 29 outcrop samples, ranging in stratigraphic age from Cambrian to Tertiary, also reveal significant Palaeocene cooling. Vitrinite reflectance data from carbonaceous shales and coal seams in well and outcrop samples are consistent with these conclusions. The degree of Palaeocene cooling observed is greatest for well and outcrop samples in the cores of anticlines or the hanging walls of thrust faults, such as the Fosheim anticline, and faults, such as the Lake Hazen fault system, and the East Cape and Vesle Fiord thrust faults. Palaeocene cooling is largely attributed to the denudation of structures during the Eurekan Orogeny. At one locality on north‐western Ellesmere Island, which is on the northern flank of the Sverdrup Basin, the underlying Franklinian basement rocks yield Early Cretaceous fission track ages with relatively long mean track lengths. This indicates that this part of the basin was uplifted at this time and that subsequent sedimentation and subsidence in the Cretaceous and early Tertiary were modest. This locality thus appears to be on the rift shoulder, which developed along the flank of the Amerasia Basin in the Lower Cretaceous. At a locality on western Axel Heiberg Island, which is downflank from the rift shoulder, the Upper Jurassic Awingak sandstone has a Late Cretaceous fission track age. This is best explained by heating above the total annealing temperature for fission‐tracks in apatite by extensive Lower Cretaceous intrusions and subsequent heat dissipation and cooling in the Late Cretaceous followed by further substantial cooling due to Tertiary denudation. ...