Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels
Abstract Pulsed fluxes of organisms across ecosystem boundaries can exert top‐down and bottom‐up effects in recipient food webs, through both direct effects on the subsidized trophic levels and indirect effects on other components of the system. While previous theoretical and empirical studies demon...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 |
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crwiley:10.1002/ecy.3197 2024-09-09T19:47:37+00:00 Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels McCary, Matthew A. Phillips, Joseph S. Ramiadantsoa, Tanjona Nell, Lucas A. McCormick, Amanda R. Botsch, Jamieson C. Division of Graduate Education Division of Environmental Biology 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Ecology volume 102, issue 1 ISSN 0012-9658 1939-9170 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3197 2024-08-09T04:25:36Z Abstract Pulsed fluxes of organisms across ecosystem boundaries can exert top‐down and bottom‐up effects in recipient food webs, through both direct effects on the subsidized trophic levels and indirect effects on other components of the system. While previous theoretical and empirical studies demonstrate the influence of allochthonous subsidies on bottom‐up and top‐down processes, understanding how these forces act in conjunction is still limited, particularly when an allochthonous resource can simultaneously subsidize multiple trophic levels. Using the Lake Mývatn region in Iceland as an example system of allochthony and its potential effects on multiple trophic levels, we analyzed a mathematical model to evaluate how pulsed subsidies of aquatic insects affect the dynamics of a soil–plant–arthropod food web. We found that the relative balance of top‐down and bottom‐up effects on a given food web compartment was determined by trophic position, subsidy magnitude, and top predators’ ability to exploit the subsidy. For intermediate trophic levels (e.g., detritivores and herbivores), we found that the subsidy could either alleviate or intensify top‐down pressure from the predator. For some parameter combinations, alleviation and intensification occurred sequentially during and after the resource pulse. The total effect of the subsidy on detritivores and herbivores, including top‐down and bottom‐up processes, was determined by the rate at which predator consumption saturated with increasing size of the allochthonous subsidy, with greater saturation leading to increased bottom‐up effects. Our findings illustrate how resource pulses to multiple trophic levels can influence food web dynamics by changing the relative strength of bottom‐up and top‐down effects, with bottom‐up predominating top‐down effects in most scenarios in this subarctic system. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Mývatn Subarctic Wiley Online Library Mývatn ENVELOPE(-16.985,-16.985,65.600,65.600) Ecology 102 1 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Pulsed fluxes of organisms across ecosystem boundaries can exert top‐down and bottom‐up effects in recipient food webs, through both direct effects on the subsidized trophic levels and indirect effects on other components of the system. While previous theoretical and empirical studies demonstrate the influence of allochthonous subsidies on bottom‐up and top‐down processes, understanding how these forces act in conjunction is still limited, particularly when an allochthonous resource can simultaneously subsidize multiple trophic levels. Using the Lake Mývatn region in Iceland as an example system of allochthony and its potential effects on multiple trophic levels, we analyzed a mathematical model to evaluate how pulsed subsidies of aquatic insects affect the dynamics of a soil–plant–arthropod food web. We found that the relative balance of top‐down and bottom‐up effects on a given food web compartment was determined by trophic position, subsidy magnitude, and top predators’ ability to exploit the subsidy. For intermediate trophic levels (e.g., detritivores and herbivores), we found that the subsidy could either alleviate or intensify top‐down pressure from the predator. For some parameter combinations, alleviation and intensification occurred sequentially during and after the resource pulse. The total effect of the subsidy on detritivores and herbivores, including top‐down and bottom‐up processes, was determined by the rate at which predator consumption saturated with increasing size of the allochthonous subsidy, with greater saturation leading to increased bottom‐up effects. Our findings illustrate how resource pulses to multiple trophic levels can influence food web dynamics by changing the relative strength of bottom‐up and top‐down effects, with bottom‐up predominating top‐down effects in most scenarios in this subarctic system. |
author2 |
Division of Graduate Education Division of Environmental Biology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McCary, Matthew A. Phillips, Joseph S. Ramiadantsoa, Tanjona Nell, Lucas A. McCormick, Amanda R. Botsch, Jamieson C. |
spellingShingle |
McCary, Matthew A. Phillips, Joseph S. Ramiadantsoa, Tanjona Nell, Lucas A. McCormick, Amanda R. Botsch, Jamieson C. Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
author_facet |
McCary, Matthew A. Phillips, Joseph S. Ramiadantsoa, Tanjona Nell, Lucas A. McCormick, Amanda R. Botsch, Jamieson C. |
author_sort |
McCary, Matthew A. |
title |
Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
title_short |
Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
title_full |
Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
title_fullStr |
Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
title_sort |
transient top‐down and bottom‐up effects of resources pulsed to multiple trophic levels |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.3197 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.985,-16.985,65.600,65.600) |
geographic |
Mývatn |
geographic_facet |
Mývatn |
genre |
Iceland Mývatn Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Iceland Mývatn Subarctic |
op_source |
Ecology volume 102, issue 1 ISSN 0012-9658 1939-9170 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3197 |
container_title |
Ecology |
container_volume |
102 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1809917044693401600 |