Isolation and Antifouling Activity of Azulene Derivatives from the Antarctic Gorgonian Acanthogorgia laxa

• Published in: Chemistry & Biodiversity
• Main Authors: Patiño Cano, Laura P., Quintana Manfredi, Rodrigo, Pérez, Miriam, García, Mónica, Blustein, Guillermo, Cordeiro, Ralf, Pérez, Carlos D., Schejter, Laura, Palermo, Jorge A.
• Other Authors: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2017
• Subjects: Antarctic; Laxa; The Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201700425; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fcbdv.201700425; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cbdv.201700425

Three azulenoid sesquiterpenes ( 1 – 3 ) were isolated from the Antarctic gorgonian Acanthogorgia laxa collected by bottom trawls at −343 m. Besides linderazulene ( 1 ), and the known ketolactone 2 , a new brominated C 16 linderazulene derivative ( 3 ) was also identified. This compound has an extra carbon atom at C(7) of the linderazulene framework. The antifouling activity of compounds 1 and 2 was assayed in the laboratory with Artemia salina larvae, and also in field tests, by incorporation in soluble‐matrix experimental antifouling paints. The results obtained after a 45 days field trial of the paints, showed that compounds 1 and 2 displayed good antifouling potencies against a wide array of organisms. Compound 3 , a benzylic bromide, was unstable and for this reason was not submitted to bioassays. Two known cembranolides: pukalide and epoxypukalide, were also identified as minor components of the extract.