Psychrobacter

• Main Author: Juni, Elliot
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2015
• Subjects: Sea ice
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01205; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F9781118960608.gbm01205; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01205; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01205

Psy.chro' bac.ter . Gr. adj. psychros cold; M.L. masc. n. bacter rod; M.L. masc. n. Psychrobacter a rod that grows at low temperatures. Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pseudomonadales / Moraxellaceae / Psychrobacter Rods or cocci , 0.9–1.3 × 1.5–3.8 µm. Rods can vary in length from extremely short (coccobacilli) to relatively long. For some strains the rods tend to be somewhat swollen. Also observed to grow as cocci or coccobacilli. Nonpigmented. Colonies on heart infusion agar are usually cream‐colored, smooth, and opaque. Gram negative; the stain frequently tends to be retained. Nonmotile, and aerobic. Most strains are psychrotrophic; they are able to grow at 5°C, have temperature optima near 20°C, and generally are unable to grow at 35–37°C . Strains able to grow well at 35–37°C usually cannot grow at 5°C. Grow well on most common complex media. Most strains can grow on a mineral‐agar medium containing a single carbon and energy source and ammonium salts as the nitrogen source. Some strains form acid aerobically from D ‐glucose, D ‐mannose, D ‐galactose, L ‐arabinose, D ‐xylose, and L ‐rhamnose. They are halotolerant and grow in the presence of 6.5 % or greater NaCl . Many strains are radiation resistant. Oxidase positive. Catalase positive . Many strains are competent for natural genetic transformation . Have been isolated from the open sea, the deep sea, sea ice, ornithogenic soils, skins and gills of fish, skins of poultry, various food products, irradiated foods, air contaminants, and from a variety of human sources. Not known to be clinically significant. Cultures of Psychrobacter can be maintained in the same manner as for cultures of Acinetobacter , as described above. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 41–50.7. Type species : Psychrobacter immobilis Juni and Heym 1986b, 388.