Psychroflexus

• Main Author: Bowman, John P.
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2015
• Subjects: Sea ice
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00334; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F9781118960608.gbm00334; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00334; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00334

Psy.chro.flex'us. Gr. adj. psychros cold; L. masc. n. flexus bend, curve; N.L. masc. n. Psychroflexus cold bend. Bacteroidetes / Flavobacteriia / Flavobacteriales / Flavobacteriaceae / Psychroflexus Cells are straight or slightly curved rods , 0.4–1.5 × 0.5–3 µm. One species forms partially coiled filaments up to 50 µm in length in liquid media, whereas on solid surfaces the filaments formed are of indeterminant length. Coccoid‐like cells are formed in old cultures. Cells occur singly or in pairs. Spores and resting cells are not present. Gas vesicles and helical or ring‐shaped cells are not formed. Nonmotile or motile by gliding. Gram‐stain‐negative . Strictly aerobic , having an oxidative type of metabolism . Catalase‐positive. Oxidase‐positive. Chemoheterotrophic . Non‐agarolytic . Colonies are bright orange due to production of carotenoids, including β‐carotene. Flexirubin pigments are not produced . Produce alkaline phosphatase, α‐glucosidase, β‐glucosidase, and α‐amylase. Strains usually require Na + for growth. Strains are stenohaline or halotolerant . Stenohaline species grow over a narrow range of seawater salinity. Moderate halophiles grow best with elevated NaCl concentrations (optimal levels 5–10%). Yeast extract may be required for growth by some strains. Species range from psychrophilic to mesophilic in terms of the response of their growth rates to temperature. Neutrophilic , with optimal growth occurring at pH 7.0–7.5. The major fatty acids are C 15:1 ω10 c anteiso, C 15:0 anteiso, C 16:0 iso, C 16:0 3‐OH iso, and C 17:0 3‐OH iso/anteiso. One species produces polyunsaturated fatty acids . The major respiratory quinone is menaquinone‐6. The major polyamine is homospermidine. Habitats , depending on the species , include polar sea‐ice algal assemblages or hypersaline lakes . DNA G + C content ( mol %): 33–36. Type species : Psychroflexus torquis Bowman, McCammon, Lewis, Skerratt, Brown, Nichols and McMeekin 1999, 1 VP (Effective publication: Bowman, McCammon, Lewis, Skerratt, Brown, Nichols and ...