Aquaculture Chemicals

• Main Author: Schnick, Rosalie A.
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2001
• Subjects: Canada; Pacific; Salmo salar
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471238961.0117210119030814.a01.pub2; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/0471238961.0117210119030814.a01.pub2

Abstract Intensive or extensive culture of aquatic animals requires chemicals that control disease, enhance the growth of cultured species, reduce handling trauma to organisms, improve water quality, disinfect water, and control aquatic vegetation, predaceous insects, or other nuisance organisms. The aquaculture chemical needs for various species have been described for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Atlantic and Pacific salmon, Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus sp.; channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus striped bass, Morone saxatilis milkfish, Chanos chanos mollusks; penaeid shrimp; and a variety of other freshwater and marine species. Laws and regulations on the use of chemicals in aquaculture vary by country. Regulations and therapeutants or other chemicals that are approved or allowed for use in the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, Chile, and Australia are presented herein. In the United States, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulate the application of chemicals to organisms or to their environments. FDA controls the use of drugs and anesthetics, and EPA controls the application of chemicals and pesticides to the environment. Each agency develops appropriate guidelines and policies to implement the laws for its field of responsibility. Few therapeutants are registered in the United States for use on any cultured aquatic species. In the most critical area of antibacterials, only two (Terramycin for Fish and Romet‐30) are approved and available. Formalin (Formalin‐F, Parasite‐S, Paracide‐F) is the only registered fungicide and Paracide‐F is the only formalin product currently labeled for use on eggs of all fish at 1000–2000 mg/L for 15 min. Formalin (Formalin‐F, Parasite‐S, Paracide‐F) is the only parasiticide currently approved and available. Paracide‐F is the only formalin product currently approved for use on all fish. Povidone‐iodine compounds can be used to disinfect the surface of fish eggs because FDA has classified them as low ...