Aquaculture Chemicals

• Main Author: Schnick, Rosalie A.
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2000
• Subjects: Canada; Pacific; Salmo salar
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471238961.0117210119030814.a01; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/0471238961.0117210119030814.a01

Abstract Intensive or extensive culture of aquatic animals requires chemicals that control disease, enhance the growth of cultured species, reduce handling trauma to organisms, improve water quality, disinfect water, and control aquatic vegetation, predaceous insects, or other nuisance organisms. The aquacultural chemical needs for various species have been described for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Atlantic and Pacific salmon, Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus sp.; channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus striped bass, Morone saxatilis milkfish, Chanos chanos mollusks; penaeid ( Penaeus sp.) shrimp; and a variety of other marine species. Laws and regulations on the use of chemicals in aquaculture vary by country. Regulations and therapeutants or other chemicals that are approved or allowed for use in the United States, Canada, Europe, and Japan are presented herein. In the United States, the application of chemicals to organisms or to their environments is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). FDA controls the use of drugs and anesthetics, and EPA controls the application of chemicals and pesticides to the environment. Each agency develops appropriate guidelines and policies to implement the laws for its field of responsibility. Few therapeutants are registered in the United States for use on any cultured aquatic species. In the most critical area of antibacterials, only two (Terramycin for Fish and Romet‐30) are fully registered and available. Formalin (Formalin‐F, Parasite‐S, Paracide‐F) is the only registered fungicide and is labeled for use on eggs of trout, salmon, and esocids at 1,000–2,000 mg/L for 15 min. Formalin (Formalin‐F, Parasite‐S, Paracide‐F) is the only parasiticide currently registered and available. It is only registered for use on trout, salmon, catfish, largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), and bluegill ( Lepomis macrohirus ). Povidone–iodine compounds can be used to disinfect the surface of fish eggs because ...