Recent Near-surface Temperature Trends in the Antarctic Peninsula from Observed, Reanalysis and Regional Climate Model Data

Abstract This study investigates the recent near-surface temperature trends over the Antarctic Peninsula. We make use of available surface observations, ECMWF’s ERA5 and its predecessor ERA-Interim, as well as numerical simulations, allowing us to contrast different data sources. We use hindcast sim...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in Atmospheric Sciences
Main Authors: Bozkurt, Deniz, Bromwich, David H., Carrasco, Jorge, Hines, Keith M., Maureira, Juan Carlos, Rondanelli, Roberto
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2020
Subjects:
Atmospheric Science
Amundsen Sea
Antarctic
Antarctic Peninsula
Bellingshausen Sea
Larsen Ice Shelf
The Antarctic
Weddell
Weddell Sea
Antarc*
Antarctica
Ice Shelf
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9183-x
http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00376-020-9183-x.pdf
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-020-9183-x/fulltext.html
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Summary:Abstract This study investigates the recent near-surface temperature trends over the Antarctic Peninsula. We make use of available surface observations, ECMWF’s ERA5 and its predecessor ERA-Interim, as well as numerical simulations, allowing us to contrast different data sources. We use hindcast simulations performed with Polar-WRF over the Antarctic Peninsula on a nested domain configuration at 45 km (PWRF-45) and 15 km (PWRF-15) spatial resolutions for the period 1991-2015. In addition, we include hindcast simulations of KNMI-RACMO21P obtained from the CORDEX-Antarctica domain (~50 km) for further comparisons. Results show that there is a marked windward warming trend except during summer. This windward warming trend is particularly notable in the autumn season and likely to be associated with the recent deepening of the Amundsen/Bellingshausen Sea low and warm advection towards the Antarctic Peninsula. On the other hand, an overall summer cooling is characterized by the strengthening of the Weddell Sea low as well as an anticyclonic trend over the Amundsen Sea accompanied by northward winds. The persistent cooling trend observed at the Larsen Ice Shelf station is not captured by ERA-Interim, whereas hindcast simulations indicate that there is a clear pattern of windward warming and leeward cooling. Furthermore, larger temporal correlations and lower differences exhibited by PWRF-15 illustrate the existence of the added value in the higher spatial resolution simulation.

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