Incidence and Outcomes of Surgical Resection for Giant Pulmonary Bullae — A Population-Based Study

• Published in: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery
• Main Authors: Gunnarsson, S. I., Johannesson, K. B., Gudjonsdottir, M., Magnusson, B., Jonsson, S., Gudbjartsson, T.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: SAGE Publications 2012
• Subjects: Surgery; Iceland
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145749691210100305; http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/145749691210100305; http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/145749691210100305

Background: Giant pulmonary bullae (GPB) are rare and there is little information on incidence, long-term prognosis, and outcome of treatment. Objectives: To assess the incidence of GPB in the Icelandic population and to evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment. Methods: Twelve consecutive patients (11 males; mean age 60 ± 15.7 years) underwent resection for GPBin Iceland between 1992 and 2009. All were heavy smokers and had bullae occupying > 30% of the involved lung. There were 8 bilateral and 3 unilateral bullectomies and one lobectomy. Pulmonary function tests were performed preoperatively, and at one month and 5.4 years postoperatively. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) was calculated, complications and operative mortality were registered, and overall survival was estimated. Mean follow-up time was 8.2 years. Results: The ASR for GPB was 0.40 and 0.03 per 100,000 per year for men and women, respectively. There was no operative mortality, but prolonged air leakage (75%) and pneumonia (17%) were the most common postoperative complications. One month postoperatively, mean FEV 1 increased from 1.0 ± 0.48 L (33% predicted) to 1.75 ± 0.75 L (57.5% predicted) (p < 0.01), but FVC remained unchanged. RV decreased from 3.9 ± 0.8 L (177% predicted) to 3.0 ± 1.0 L (128% predicted) (p < 0.05), but TLC and DLCO did not change after operation. At long-term follow-up the FEV 1 and FVC had declined to near-baseline values. Five-year and 10-year survival were 100% and 60%, respectively. Conclusions: The ASR of GPB in Iceland was 0.21 per 100,000 per year. In this small series, bullectomy was found to be a safe procedure that significantly improved pulmonary function. The functional improvement then declined over time. Prolonged air leakage was a common postoperative complication that prolonged hospital stay.