Ocean-colour anomalies quantified by the human eye

• Published in: Journal of Plankton Research
• Main Authors: Brewin, Robert J W, Dall’Olmo, Giorgio
• Other Authors: Dolan, John, UK Natural Environment Research Council PICCOLO, UK Natural Environment Research Council, National Capability Long-term Single Centre Science Programme, Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science, UKRI Future Leader Fellowship, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford University Press (OUP) 2024
• Subjects: Weddell; Weddell Sea
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae027; https://academic.oup.com/plankt/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/plankt/fbae027/58161999/fbae027.pdf

Abstract Phytoplankton turn seawater green when their concentration increases. This allows us to monitor them using ocean colour. However, as the spectral properties of phytoplankton and their relationship with other coloured substances in seawater vary, subtle differences (anomalies) in ocean colour occur that can cause large errors in estimates of phytoplankton abundance. Identifying and understanding these anomalies is required to interpret ocean-colour data properly, but not all scientists have access to, or can afford, the in-situ instrumentation needed to do this. We show that practical, low-cost tools developed in the 19th century (a Secchi disk and Forel-Ule colour scale) can be used to quantify a colour anomaly in the Weddell Sea. Our findings imply that ocean-colour anomalies can be identified using affordable methods. Furthermore, records collected over the last century may contain clues on how ocean ecosystems have changed with climate.