| Summary: | n recent decades, sustainability research and historical ecology research have made the incorporation of local and traditional ecological knowledge (LTK) a priority for the purpose of understanding recent environmental change and achieving long-term perspectives on local resource interactions. This chapter brings together the evidence from archaeological, ecological, historical, and ethnographic sources to document the 1,100 year management of wild birds around Lake Mývatn in northern Iceland. In doing so, it sheds light on specific long-term resource management strategies applied by the community: precise, limited egg collection, and regulated bird hunting. These methods seem to have been effective in sustaining large, local bird populations and ensuring continual access to an important economic and dietary resource.
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