Olympia Interstadial: vegetation, landscape history, and paleoclimatic implications of a mid-Wisconsinan (MIS3) nonglacial sequence from southwest British Columbia, Canada

• Published in: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
• Main Authors: Hebda, Richard J., Lian, Olav B., Hicock, Stephen R.
• Other Authors: Fisher, Timothy G.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Canadian Science Publishing 2016
• Subjects: General Earth and Planetary Sciences; Canada; British Columbia; Seymour; Parkland; Ice Sheet
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0122; http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjes-2015-0122; http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjes-2015-0122

Lithostratigraphic, 14 C, and palynologic analyses of peat and silty peat at three nearby sites reveal a 25 000 year vegetation and climate history of the Olympia Interstade for the Fraser Lowland, British Columbia, 300 km within the southern limit of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. At Lynn Valley, Polypodiaceae fern spores and nonarboreal pollen dominate >47.8 14 C ka BP, reflecting unstable and cold landscapes. A Pinus–Poaceae zone follows, representing pine parkland and cool dry climate. Fluctuating values of Picea and Tsuga mertensiana pollen at Lynn and Seymour valleys and Port Moody characterize most of the Olympia Interstade during local peat deposition in Cyperaceae and Myrica wetlands until about 26.7 14 C ka BP under a cool and moist climate. A brief Pinus – Tsuga heterophylla zone at Lynn Valley 44–39 14 C ka BP suggests a climatic optimum. A Poaceae–Artemisia assemblage and deposition of silty sand after 26.7 14 C ka BP reflect cooling and drying after which a unique Lycopodium assemblage at Lynn Valley suggests cold arid climate and Fraser Glaciation onset. These sequences have no progression to vegetation typical of warm, interglacial, Holocene-like climates, indicating an interstadial not an interglacial interval. Correlation with vegetation changes elsewhere in western North America suggests that the Olympia Interstade started about ∼52 14 C ka BP (∼57 cal ka BP) and ended about 26 14 C ka BP (30 cal ka BP).