Towards integrated knowledge of climate change in Arctic marine systems: a systematic literature review of multidisciplinary research

Climate change affects Arctic marine ecosystems, the ecosystem services they provide, and the human well-being that relies on these services. The impacts of climate change in the Arctic and elsewhere involve cascading effects and feedbacks that flow across social-ecological systems (SES), such as wh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Arctic Science
Main Authors: Falardeau, Marianne, Bennett, Elena M.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Canadian Science Publishing 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2019-0006
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/as-2019-0006
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/as-2019-0006
Description
Summary:Climate change affects Arctic marine ecosystems, the ecosystem services they provide, and the human well-being that relies on these services. The impacts of climate change in the Arctic and elsewhere involve cascading effects and feedbacks that flow across social-ecological systems (SES), such as when sea ice loss alters food security through changes in the distribution of marine animals. These cascades and feedbacks across social and ecological systems can exacerbate the effects of climate change or lead to surprising outcomes. Identifying where cascades and feedbacks may occur in SES can help anticipate, or even prevent unexpected outcomes of climate change, and lead to improved policy responses. Here, we perform a systematic literature review of multidisciplinary Arctic research to determine the state of knowledge of the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. Then, in a case study corresponding to Inuit regions, we use network analysis to integrate research into a SES perspective and identify which linkages have been most versus least studied, and whether some potential cascades and feedbacks have been overlooked. Finally, we propose ways forward to advance knowledge of changing Arctic marine SES, including transdisciplinary approaches involving multiple disciplines and the collaboration of Indigenous and local knowledge holders.