The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins
Abstract Results of ten-year measurements of avalanche impact upon a large-sized installation are shown. The installation is equipped with 20 pressure sensors using the principle of the intrusion of a steel cone into a duralumin plate. The impacts of 30 dry avalanches with volumes from 100 up to 50...
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Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1977
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000029452 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000029452 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000029452 2024-03-03T08:46:07+00:00 The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins Kotlyakov, V.M. Rzhevskiy, B.N. Samoylov, V. A. 1977 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000029452 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000029452 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) Journal of Glaciology volume 19, issue 81, page 431-439 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 Earth-Surface Processes journal-article 1977 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000029452 2024-02-08T08:41:37Z Abstract Results of ten-year measurements of avalanche impact upon a large-sized installation are shown. The installation is equipped with 20 pressure sensors using the principle of the intrusion of a steel cone into a duralumin plate. The impacts of 30 dry avalanches with volumes from 100 up to 50 000 m 3 are analysed. A maximum pressure at “a point" of 1 100 kN/m 2 and a pressure of 650 kN/m 3 averaged over the area of the installation (24 m 2 ) were recorded. It is found that 75% of the impact energy is concentrated in the lowest 2 m of the installation. Proceeding from these data, and also taking into account that the thickness of an avalanche body amounts to 10-20 m at the moment of impact, we may conclude, that there is a “dense core" and an upper ’"high aerosol" part in an avalanche body. The use of slereo-photogrammetric surveys of moving avalanches revealed the “velocity depression" effect in the Khibin avalanches: Avalanche velocity decreases abruptly (by a factor 1.5 to 2) at the end of transit channel and then grows rapidly up to a maximum at the end of the avalanche cone. The greatest variations of velocity amount to 51 m/s. The data obtained prove the inefficiency of anti-avalanche filling dams, especially because of their negative role in the generation of disasterous air waves, whose pressure varies from 20 up to 150 kN/m 2 . Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 19 81 431 439 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth-Surface Processes |
spellingShingle |
Earth-Surface Processes Kotlyakov, V.M. Rzhevskiy, B.N. Samoylov, V. A. The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins |
topic_facet |
Earth-Surface Processes |
description |
Abstract Results of ten-year measurements of avalanche impact upon a large-sized installation are shown. The installation is equipped with 20 pressure sensors using the principle of the intrusion of a steel cone into a duralumin plate. The impacts of 30 dry avalanches with volumes from 100 up to 50 000 m 3 are analysed. A maximum pressure at “a point" of 1 100 kN/m 2 and a pressure of 650 kN/m 3 averaged over the area of the installation (24 m 2 ) were recorded. It is found that 75% of the impact energy is concentrated in the lowest 2 m of the installation. Proceeding from these data, and also taking into account that the thickness of an avalanche body amounts to 10-20 m at the moment of impact, we may conclude, that there is a “dense core" and an upper ’"high aerosol" part in an avalanche body. The use of slereo-photogrammetric surveys of moving avalanches revealed the “velocity depression" effect in the Khibin avalanches: Avalanche velocity decreases abruptly (by a factor 1.5 to 2) at the end of transit channel and then grows rapidly up to a maximum at the end of the avalanche cone. The greatest variations of velocity amount to 51 m/s. The data obtained prove the inefficiency of anti-avalanche filling dams, especially because of their negative role in the generation of disasterous air waves, whose pressure varies from 20 up to 150 kN/m 2 . |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kotlyakov, V.M. Rzhevskiy, B.N. Samoylov, V. A. |
author_facet |
Kotlyakov, V.M. Rzhevskiy, B.N. Samoylov, V. A. |
author_sort |
Kotlyakov, V.M. |
title |
The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins |
title_short |
The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins |
title_full |
The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins |
title_fullStr |
The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Dynamics of Avalanching in the Khibins |
title_sort |
dynamics of avalanching in the khibins |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1977 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000029452 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000029452 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 19, issue 81, page 431-439 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000029452 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
81 |
container_start_page |
431 |
op_container_end_page |
439 |
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1792502045485301760 |