Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch
Abstract A two-dimensional, transient fluid-dynamics computer code has been modified for specific application to the avalanche-runout problem. This code, called AVALNCH, permits the separation of path geometry effects from such flow factors as friction and viscosity. The longitudinal profile of the...
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000014088 2024-03-03T08:45:59+00:00 Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch Lang, T. E. Dawson, K. L. Martinelli, M. 1979 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000014088 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000014088 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) Journal of Glaciology volume 22, issue 86, page 107-115 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 Earth-Surface Processes journal-article 1979 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000014088 2024-02-08T08:37:11Z Abstract A two-dimensional, transient fluid-dynamics computer code has been modified for specific application to the avalanche-runout problem. This code, called AVALNCH, permits the separation of path geometry effects from such flow factors as friction and viscosity. The longitudinal profile of the avalanche path is divided into cells, 10 to 20 m long, each of which can be assigned specific values for slope gradient, surface friction, and internal kinematic viscosity. The program gives average avalanche speed cell-by-cell down the path and the location and depth of avalanche debris. Internal kinematic viscosity and surface friction were modeled on an avalanche path of simple geometry and were found to be of about equal significance in predicting runout distance. Additionally, surface friction is represented by an exponentially increasing function as speed decreases in the runout zone, in order to model observed avalanche terminal-motion characteristics. Program AVALNCH is reduced to a basic algorithm that is efficient to run, and contains the essential mechanics to model avalanche flow accurately. The most pressing need is for more physical data to permit the matching of program output to observed results under a variety of conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 22 86 107 115 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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crcambridgeupr |
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English |
topic |
Earth-Surface Processes |
spellingShingle |
Earth-Surface Processes Lang, T. E. Dawson, K. L. Martinelli, M. Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch |
topic_facet |
Earth-Surface Processes |
description |
Abstract A two-dimensional, transient fluid-dynamics computer code has been modified for specific application to the avalanche-runout problem. This code, called AVALNCH, permits the separation of path geometry effects from such flow factors as friction and viscosity. The longitudinal profile of the avalanche path is divided into cells, 10 to 20 m long, each of which can be assigned specific values for slope gradient, surface friction, and internal kinematic viscosity. The program gives average avalanche speed cell-by-cell down the path and the location and depth of avalanche debris. Internal kinematic viscosity and surface friction were modeled on an avalanche path of simple geometry and were found to be of about equal significance in predicting runout distance. Additionally, surface friction is represented by an exponentially increasing function as speed decreases in the runout zone, in order to model observed avalanche terminal-motion characteristics. Program AVALNCH is reduced to a basic algorithm that is efficient to run, and contains the essential mechanics to model avalanche flow accurately. The most pressing need is for more physical data to permit the matching of program output to observed results under a variety of conditions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lang, T. E. Dawson, K. L. Martinelli, M. |
author_facet |
Lang, T. E. Dawson, K. L. Martinelli, M. |
author_sort |
Lang, T. E. |
title |
Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch |
title_short |
Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch |
title_full |
Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch |
title_fullStr |
Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of Numerical Transient Fluid Dynamics to Snow Avalanche Flow. Part I. Development of Computer Program Avalnch |
title_sort |
application of numerical transient fluid dynamics to snow avalanche flow. part i. development of computer program avalnch |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1979 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000014088 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000014088 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 22, issue 86, page 107-115 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000014088 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
22 |
container_issue |
86 |
container_start_page |
107 |
op_container_end_page |
115 |
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1792501726477025280 |