Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy
Neutrino astronomy beyond the Sun was first imagined in the late 1950s; by the 1970s, it was realized that kilometer-scale neutrino detectors were required. The first such instrument, IceCube, is near completion and taking data. The IceCube project transforms 1 km3 of deep and ultratransparent Antar...
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craippubl:10.1063/1.3480478 2024-06-23T07:46:30+00:00 Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy Halzen, Francis Klein, Spencer R. 2010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3480478 https://pubs.aip.org/aip/rsi/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.3480478/15900340/081101_1_online.pdf en eng AIP Publishing Review of Scientific Instruments volume 81, issue 8 ISSN 0034-6748 1089-7623 journal-article 2010 craippubl https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3480478 2024-05-30T08:08:18Z Neutrino astronomy beyond the Sun was first imagined in the late 1950s; by the 1970s, it was realized that kilometer-scale neutrino detectors were required. The first such instrument, IceCube, is near completion and taking data. The IceCube project transforms 1 km3 of deep and ultratransparent Antarctic ice into a particle detector. A total of 5160 optical sensors is embedded into a gigaton of Antarctic ice to detect the Cherenkov light emitted by secondary particles produced when neutrinos interact with nuclei in the ice. Each optical sensor is a complete data acquisition system including a phototube, digitization electronics, control and trigger systems, and light-emitting diodes for calibration. The light patterns reveal the type (flavor) of neutrino interaction and the energy and direction of the neutrino, making neutrino astronomy possible. The scientific missions of IceCube include such varied tasks as the search for sources of cosmic rays, the observation of galactic supernova explosions, the search for dark matter, and the study of the neutrinos themselves. These reach energies well beyond those produced with accelerator beams. The outline of this review is as follows: neutrino astronomy and kilometer-scale detectors, high-energy neutrino telescopes: methodologies of neutrino detection, IceCube hardware, high-energy neutrino telescopes: beyond astronomy, and future projects. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic AIP Publishing Antarctic Review of Scientific Instruments 81 8 |
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Neutrino astronomy beyond the Sun was first imagined in the late 1950s; by the 1970s, it was realized that kilometer-scale neutrino detectors were required. The first such instrument, IceCube, is near completion and taking data. The IceCube project transforms 1 km3 of deep and ultratransparent Antarctic ice into a particle detector. A total of 5160 optical sensors is embedded into a gigaton of Antarctic ice to detect the Cherenkov light emitted by secondary particles produced when neutrinos interact with nuclei in the ice. Each optical sensor is a complete data acquisition system including a phototube, digitization electronics, control and trigger systems, and light-emitting diodes for calibration. The light patterns reveal the type (flavor) of neutrino interaction and the energy and direction of the neutrino, making neutrino astronomy possible. The scientific missions of IceCube include such varied tasks as the search for sources of cosmic rays, the observation of galactic supernova explosions, the search for dark matter, and the study of the neutrinos themselves. These reach energies well beyond those produced with accelerator beams. The outline of this review is as follows: neutrino astronomy and kilometer-scale detectors, high-energy neutrino telescopes: methodologies of neutrino detection, IceCube hardware, high-energy neutrino telescopes: beyond astronomy, and future projects. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Halzen, Francis Klein, Spencer R. |
spellingShingle |
Halzen, Francis Klein, Spencer R. Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy |
author_facet |
Halzen, Francis Klein, Spencer R. |
author_sort |
Halzen, Francis |
title |
Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy |
title_short |
Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy |
title_full |
Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy |
title_fullStr |
Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Invited Review Article: IceCube: An instrument for neutrino astronomy |
title_sort |
invited review article: icecube: an instrument for neutrino astronomy |
publisher |
AIP Publishing |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3480478 https://pubs.aip.org/aip/rsi/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.3480478/15900340/081101_1_online.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Review of Scientific Instruments volume 81, issue 8 ISSN 0034-6748 1089-7623 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3480478 |
container_title |
Review of Scientific Instruments |
container_volume |
81 |
container_issue |
8 |
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1802646357722267648 |