Baltic Sea
![Danish straits and southwestern Baltic Sea -->](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/The_Baltic_Sea.png)
The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. It is a shelf sea and marginal sea of the Atlantic with limited water exchange between the two, making it an inland sea. The Baltic Sea drains through the Danish straits into the Kattegat by way of the Øresund, Great Belt and Little Belt. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia (divided into the Bothnian Bay and the Bothnian Sea), the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga and the Bay of Gdańsk.
The "Baltic Proper" is bordered on its northern edge, at latitude 60°N, by Åland and the Gulf of Bothnia, on its northeastern edge by the Gulf of Finland, on its eastern edge by the Gulf of Riga, and in the west by the Swedish part of the southern Scandinavian Peninsula.
The Baltic Sea is connected by artificial waterways to the White Sea via the White Sea–Baltic Canal and to the German Bight of the North Sea via the Kiel Canal. Provided by Wikipedia
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3by Burchard, Hans, Bolding, Karsten, Jenkins, Adrian, Losch, Martin, Reinert, Markus, Umlauf, Lars, Bolding, Karsten; 2 Bolding & Bruggeman ApS Asperup Denmark, Jenkins, Adrian; 3 British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK, Losch, Martin; 5 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Reinert, Markus; 1 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde Rostock Germany, Umlauf, Lars; 1 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde Rostock GermanyGet access
Published in Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (2022)
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4by Pavla Debeljak (Department of Limnology and Bio-Oceanography, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna), Eve Toulza (Université Perpignan), Sara Beier (Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research), Stephane Blain (Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, LOMIC, Sorbonne Université, CNRS), Ingrid Obernosterer (Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, LOMIC, Sorbonne Université, CNRS)Get access
Published in Environmental Microbiology (2019)
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5by Schulz, K., Kadko, D., Mohrholz, V., Stephens, M., Fer, I., 3 Applied Research Center Florida International University Miami FL USA, 4 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Physical Oceanography and Instrumentation Rostock Germany, 5 Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Bergen NorwayGet access
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (2023)
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6by Wegwerth, Antje, Plessen, Birgit, Kleinhanns, Ilka C., Arz, Helge W., Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Marine Geology, Rostock, Germany, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam, Germany, Isotope Geochemistry, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyGet access
Published in Communications Earth & Environment (2021)
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7by Hildebrand, Tabea, Osterholz, Helena, Bunse, Carina, Grotheer, Hendrik, Dittmar, Thorsten, Schupp, Peter J., Osterholz, Helena; 4 Leibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde Rostock Germany, Bunse, Carina; 3 Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany, Grotheer, Hendrik; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Dittmar, Thorsten; 2 Helmholtz‐Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB) Oldenburg Germany, Schupp, Peter J.; 2 Helmholtz‐Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB) Oldenburg GermanyGet access
Published in Limnology and Oceanography (2022)
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8by Baltic Sea Research Institute Warnemuende IOW, IFREMER, Institute Of Marine Research, Alfred-Wegener-Institute For Polar- And Marine Research, Institute, Scott Polar Research, Institute Of Oceanographic Sciences Wormley Laboratory, Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, National Oceanography Centre, Liverpool, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre For Ocean Research Kiel, Fisheries Research Services, Aberdeen Marine Laboratory, Institute, Marine, Laboratory Of Oceanography And Climate Experiments And Numerical Approaches-UMR 7159, Shom, Swedish Meteorological And Hydrological Institute, Institute, Marine Research, University Of East Anglia, School Of Environmental Sciences, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute For Sea Research, Odessa Branch Of SOI State Oceanographic InstituteGet access
Published 2014
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9by Baltic Sea Research Institute Warnemuende IOW, IFREMER, Institute Of Marine Research, Alfred-Wegener-Institute For Polar- And Marine Research, Institute, Scott Polar Research, Institute Of Oceanographic Sciences Wormley Laboratory, Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, National Oceanography Centre, Liverpool, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre For Ocean Research Kiel, Fisheries Research Services, Aberdeen Marine Laboratory, Institute, Marine, Laboratory Of Oceanography And Climate Experiments And Numerical Approaches-UMR 7159, Shom, Swedish Meteorological And Hydrological Institute, Institute, Marine Research, University Of East Anglia, School Of Environmental Sciences, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute For Sea Research, Odessa Branch Of SOI State Oceanographic InstituteGet access
Published 2015
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10by Magnus Ivarsson (Department of Palaeobiology and the Center for Earth Evolution (NordCEE), Swedish Museum of Natural History), Jörn Peckmann (Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography and Astronomy, University of Vienna), Anders Tehler (Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History), Curt Broman (Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University), Wolfgang Bach (MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen), Katharina Behrens (MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen), Joachim Reitner (Geobiology Group, Geoscience Centre, Georg-August University Göttingen), Michael E. Böttcher (Geochemistry & Isotope Biogeochemistry Group, Department for Marine Geology, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research (IOW)), Lena Norbäck Ivarsson (Technology and Environmental Studies, School of Natural Sciences, Södertörn University)Get access
Published in PLOS ONE (2015)
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11by Schulz, Kirstin, Janout, Markus, Lenn, Yueng‐Djern, Ruiz‐Castillo, Eugenio, Polyakov, Igor, Mohrholz, Volker, Tippenhauer, Sandra, Reeve, Krissy Anne, Hölemann, Jens, Rabe, Benjamin, Vredenborg, Myriel, Janout, Markus; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Lenn, Yueng‐Djern; 2 School of Ocean Sciences Bangor University Menai Bridge UK, Ruiz‐Castillo, Eugenio; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Polyakov, Igor; 3 International Arctic Research Center College of Natural Science and Mathematics University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks USA, Mohrholz, Volker; 4 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Rostock Germany, Tippenhauer, Sandra; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Reeve, Krissy Anne; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Hölemann, Jens; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Rabe, Benjamin; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany, Vredenborg, Myriel; 1 Alfred‐Wegener‐Institut Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven GermanyGet access
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (2021)
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12by Izotova, NadezdaContributors: “...MDP in Baltic Sea Region Studies, MDP in Baltic Sea Region Studies...”
Published 2017
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13by Aho, OskarContributors: “...MDP in Baltic Sea Region Studies, MDP in Baltic Sea Region Studies...”
Published 2021
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14by Svedäng, Henrik, Savchuk, Oleg, Villnäs, Anna, Norkko, Alf, Gustafsson, Bo G, Wikström, Sofia A, Humborg, ChristophContributors: “...Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre...”
Published in ICES Journal of Marine Science (2022)
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15by Haase, Stefanie, McQueen, Kate, Mion, Monica, Andersson, Magnus, Hilvarsson, Annelie, Olesen, Hans Jakob, Svenson, Anders, Casini, Michele, Hüssy, Karin, Radtke, Krzysztof, Krumme, UweContributors: “...BalticSea2020...”
Published in Fisheries Research (2021)
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16by Feistel, R.Contributors: “...Baltic Sea Research Institute...”
Published 2004
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17by Feistel, R.Contributors: “...Baltic Sea Research Institute...”
Published 2004
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18by Feistel, R.Contributors: “...Baltic Sea Research Institute...”
Published 2005
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19by Feistel, R.Contributors: “...Baltic Sea Research Institute...”
Published 2005
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20Contributors: “...BONUS INSPIRE and Baltic Sea 2020...”
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