Public policy
Public policy is an institutionalized proposal or a decided set of elements like laws, regulations, guidelines, and actions to solve or address relevant and real-world problems, guided by a conception and often implemented by programs. These policies govern and include various aspects of life such as education, health care, employment, finance, economics, transportation, and all over elements of society. The implementation of public policy is known as public administration. Public policy can be considered to be the sum of a government's direct and indirect activities and has been conceptualized in a variety of ways.They are created and/or enacted on behalf of the public typically by a government. Sometimes they are made by nonprofit organizations or are made in co-production with communities or citizens, which can include potential experts, scientists, engineers and stakeholders or scientific data, or sometimes use some of their results. They are typically made by policy-makers affiliated with (in democratic polities) currently elected politicians. Therefore, the "policy process is a complex political process in which there are many actors: elected politicians, political party leaders, pressure groups, civil servants, publicly employed professionals, judges, non-governmental organizations, international agencies, academic experts, journalists and even sometimes citizens who see themselves as the passive recipients of policy."
A popular way of understanding and engaging in public policy is through a series of stages known as "the policy cycle", which was first discussed by the political scientist Harold Laswell in his book ''The Decision Process: Seven Categories of Functional Analysis'', published in 1956. The characterization of particular stages can vary, but a basic sequence is agenda setting, policy formulation, legitimation, implementation, and evaluation. "It divides the policy process into a series of stages, from a notional starting point at which policymakers begin to think about a policy problem to a notional end point at which a policy has been implemented and policymakers think about how successful it has been before deciding what to do next."
Officials considered as policymakers bear responsibility to advance the interests of a host of different stakeholders. Policy design entails conscious and deliberate effort to define policy aims and map them instrumentally. Academics and other experts in policy studies have developed a range of tools and approaches to help in this task. Government action is the decisions, policies, and actions taken by governments, which can have a significant impact on individuals, organizations, and society at large. Regulations, subsidies, taxes, and spending plans are just a few of the various shapes it might take. Achieving certain social or economic objectives, such as fostering economic expansion, lowering inequality, or safeguarding the environment, is the aim of government action. Provided by Wikipedia
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1by Publications, The School Of Public PolicyGet access
Published 2017
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2by Publications, The School Of Public PolicyGet access
Published 2017
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3by Publications, The School Of Public PolicyGet access
Published 2017
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4by James A. Baker III Institute for Public PolicyContributors: “...James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy...”
Published 2006
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6by Dyer, Anthony R, Upton, Zee, Stone, David, Thomas, Philip, Business Economics and Public Policy, Soole, Kathleen Lydia, Higgs, Naomi, Quinn, Kirsty, Carragher, John FGet access
Published 2004
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7Contributors: “...School of Business & Public Policy (GSBPP)...”
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8by Tin, T., Sovacool, B.K., Blake, D., Magill, P., El, Naggar S., Lidstrom, S., Ishizawa, K., Berte, J.Contributors: “...LEE KUAN YEW SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY...”
Published in Renewable Energy (2010)
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9by Lee, Rachel M., Moore, Laura B., Bottazzi, Maria Elena, Hotez, Peter J.Contributors: “...James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy...”
Published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2014)
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10Contributors: “...Carsey School of Public Policy...”
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15by Lambert, Kishayra JContributors: “...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY...”
Published 2011
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16Contributors: “...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY...”
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17by Yoder, Elliott CContributors: “...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY...”
Published 2012
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18Contributors: “...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY...”
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19by Phoebe Margaret FlahertyContributors: “...College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Public Policy...”
Published 2022
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