Archaeology
Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography.Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies around the world. Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time. Derived from Greek, the term ''archaeology'' means "the study of ancient history".
The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research.
Archaeology developed out of antiquarianism in Europe during the 19th century, and has since become a discipline practiced around the world. Archaeology has been used by nation-states to create particular visions of the past. Since its early development, various specific sub-disciplines of archaeology have developed, including maritime archaeology, feminist archaeology, and archaeoastronomy, and numerous different scientific techniques have been developed to aid archaeological investigation. Nonetheless, today, archaeologists face many problems, such as dealing with pseudoarchaeology, the looting of artifacts, a lack of public interest, and opposition to the excavation of human remains. Provided by Wikipedia
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3by Witty,T A , JrContributors: “...KANSAS STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY TOPEKA ARCHEOLOGY DEPT...”
Published 1982
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4Contributors: “...KANSAS STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY TOPEKA ARCHEOLOGY DEPT...”
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5by Doleman, William H.Contributors: “...NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE OFFICE OF CONTRACT ARCHEOLOGY...”
Published 1988
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6Contributors: “...AUGUSTANA COLL SIOUX FALLS SD ARCHEOLOGY LAB OF THE CENTER FOR WESTERN STUDIES...”
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8by Krasinski, Kathryn E., Wygal, Brian T., Gómez Coutouly, Yan Axel, Gundal, AmmemarieContributors: “...Office of History and Archeology...”
Published 2014
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9by Krasinski, Kathryn E., Wygal, Brian T., Gómez Coutouly, Yan Axel, Gundal, AmmemarieContributors: “...Office of History and Archeology...”
Published 2014
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10by Krasinski, Kathryn E., Wygal, Brian T., Gómez Coutouly, Yan Axel, Gundal, AmmemarieContributors: “...Office of History and Archeology...”
Published 2014
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11by Krasinski, Kathryn E., Wygal, Brian T., Gómez Coutouly, Yan Axel, Gundal, AmmemarieContributors: “...Office of History and Archeology...”
Published 2014
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12by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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13by Benites‐Palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Ali, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐Gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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14by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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15by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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16by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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17by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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18by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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19by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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20by Benites‐palomino, Aldo, Vélez‐juarbe, Jorge, Collareta, Alberto, Ochoa, Diana, Altamirano, Alí, Carré, Matthieu, Laime, Manuel, Urbina, Mario, Salas‐gismondi, RodolfoContributors: “...Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology...”
Published in Papers in Palaeontology (2021)
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