Norway
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Norway has a total area of . The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden, and is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast. Norway has an extensive coastline facing the Skagerrak strait, the North Atlantic Ocean, and the Barents Sea. Harald V of the House of Glücksburg is the current King of Norway. Jonas Gahr Støre has been Prime Minister of Norway since 2021. As a unitary state with a constitutional monarchy, Norway divides state power between the parliament, the cabinet, and the supreme court, as determined by the 1814 constitution. The unified kingdom of Norway was established in 872 as a merger of petty kingdoms and has existed continuously for }} years. From 1537 to 1814, Norway was part of Denmark–Norway, and, from 1814 to 1905, it was in a personal union with Sweden. Norway was neutral during the First World War, and in the Second World War until April 1940 when it was invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany until the end of the war.
Norway has both administrative and political subdivisions on two levels: counties and municipalities. The Sámi people have a certain amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament and the Finnmark Act. Norway maintains close ties with the European Union and the United States. Norway is a founding member of the United Nations, NATO, the European Free Trade Association, the Council of Europe, the Antarctic Treaty, and the Nordic Council; a member of the European Economic Area, the WTO, and the OECD; and a part of the Schengen Area. The Norwegian dialects share mutual intelligibility with Danish and Swedish.
Norway maintains the Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system, and its values are rooted in egalitarian ideals. The Norwegian state has large ownership positions in key industrial sectors, having extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood, and fresh water. The petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). On a per-capita basis, Norway is the world's largest producer of oil and natural gas outside of the Middle East. The country has the fourth- and eighth-highest per-capita income in the world on the World Bank's and IMF's list, respectively. It has the world's largest sovereign wealth fund, with a value of US$1.3 trillion. Provided by Wikipedia
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2341by Zhang, Ji-Feng, Xu, Baiqing, Turner, Falko, Zhou, Liping, Gao, Pan, Lu, Xinmiao, Nesje, AtleContributors: “...Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, Allegt 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway....”
Published in Geology (2017)
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2342by Kammann, U., Akcha, F., Budzinski, H., Burgeot, T., Gubbins, M.J., Lang, T., Le Menach, K., Vethaak, A.D., Hylland, K.Contributors: “...Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway...”
Published in Marine Environmental Research (2017)
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2343by Hellgren, Karin, Ballegaard, Christine, Delcoigne, Bénédicte, Cordtz, René, Nordström, Dan, Aaltonen, Kalle, Gudbjornsson, Bjorn, Love, Thorvardur Jon, Aarrestad Provan, Sella, Sexton, Joe, Zobbe, Kristian, Kristensen, Lars Erik, Askling, Johan, Dreyer, LeneContributors: “..., University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. 9Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway...”
Published in Rheumatology (2022)
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2344by Bonali, Fabio luca, Russo, Elena, Vitello, Fabio, Antoniou, Varvara, Tibaldi, Alessandro, Fallati, Luca, Bracchi, Valentina Alice, Savini, Alessandra, Whitworth, Malcolm, Drymoni, Kyriaki, Pasquaré Mariotto, Federico, Nomikou, Paraskevi, Sciacca, Eva, Bressan, Sofia, Falsaperla, Susanna, Reitano, Danilo, van Wyk de Vries, Benjamin, Panieri, Giuliana, Stiller-Reeve, Mathew, Becciani, UgoContributors: “...Center for Climate and Energy Transformation, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway...”
Published 2022
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2345by Basili, Roberto, Brizuela, Beatriz, Herrero, André, Iqbal, Sarfraz, Lorito, Stefano, Maesano, Francesco Emanuele, Murphy, Shane, Perfetti, Paolo, Romano, Fabrizio, Scala, Antonio, Selva, Jacopo, Taroni, Matteo, Tiberti, Mara Monica, Thio, Hong-Kie, Tonini, Roberto, Volpe, Manuela, Glimsdal, Sylfest, Harbitz, Carl Bonnevie, Løvholt, Finn, Baptista, Maria, Fernando, Carrilho, Matias, Luis, Omira, Rachid, Babeyko, Andrey, Hoechner, Andreas, Gurbuz, Mucahit, Pekcan, Onur, Yalciner, Ahmet, Canals, Miquel, Lastras, Galderic, Agalos, Apostolos, Papadopoulos, Gerassimos, Triantafyllou, Ioanna, Benchekroun, Sabah, Agrebi Jaouadi, Hedi, Attafi, Kheireddine, Ben Abdallah, Samir, Bouallegue, Atef, Hamdi, Hassene, Oueslati, FouedContributors: “...Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Norway...”
Published 2019
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2346by Mänd, Kaarel, Lalonde, Stefan, Paiste, Kärt, Thoby, Marie, Lumiste, Kaarel, Robbins, Leslie, Kreitsmann, Timmu, Romashkin, Alexander, Kirsimäe, Kalle, Lepland, Aivo, Konhauser, KurtContributors: “...Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)...”
Published in Minerals (2021)
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2347by Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. Belén, Bartolo, Nicola, Basak, S., Benabed, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Mennella, A., Knox, L., Krachmalnicof, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, Guilaine, Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Renzi, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. le, Migliaccio, M., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, Michele, Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., Rocha, G., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y.-Z, Macías-Pérez, J. F., Millea, M., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Bonaldi, A., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, Enrique, Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Bersanelli, M., Rossetti, M., Moss, A., Narimani, A., Natoli, P., Oxborrow, C. A., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Pettorino, V., Roudier, G., Bielewicz, P., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, Beatriz, Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Efstathiou, G., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Bonavera, Laura, Stanco, L., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Elsner, F., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Bond, J. R., Tent, F. van, Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Enßlin, T. A., Wehus, I. K., White, Martin, Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, Andrea, Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Eriksen, H. K., Cardoso, J. F., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Curto, Andrés, Cuttaia, F., Bernardis, P. de, Rosa, A. de, Fantaye, Y., Zotti, G. de, Delabrouille, J., Valentino, E. di, Dickinson, C., Diego, José María, Doré, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., McEwen, J. D., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Meinhold, P. R., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K.Contributors: “...Research Council of Norway...”
Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics (2017)
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2348Genetic roadmap of the Arctic: plant dispersal highways, traffic barriers and capitals of diversity.by Eidesen, Pernille Bronken, Ehrich, Dorothee, Bakkestuen, Vegar, Alsos, Inger Greve, Gilg, Oliver, Taberlet, Pierre, Brochmann, ChristianContributors: “...Funding provided by the Research Council of Norway (grants 150322/720 and 146515/420)....”
Published in New Phytologist (2013)
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2349by Fetter, Nadège, Blichert-Toft, Janne, Ludden, John, Lepland, Aivo, Sánchez Borque, Jorge, Greenhalgh, Erica, Garcia, Bruno, Edwards, Dianne, Telouk, Philippe, Albarède, FrancisContributors: “...Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)...”
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2019)
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2350by Bourgeois, Solveig, Kerhervé, Philippe, Calleja Cortes, Maria de Lluch, Many, Gaël, Morata, NathalieContributors: “...Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre for Climate and the Environment, Tromsø, 9296, Norway...”
Published in Journal of Marine Systems (2016)
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2351by Rey-Iglesia, Alba, Gopalakrishan, Shyam, Carøe, Christian, Alquezar-Planas, David E., Ahlmann Nielsen, Anne, Röder, Timo, Bruhn Pedersen, Lene, Næsborg-Nielsen, Christina, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Fredensborg Rath, Martin, Li, Zhipeng, Petersen, Bent, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Bunce, Michael, Mourier, Tobias, Hansen, Anders JohannesContributors: “...Norwegian University of Science and Technology University Museum Trondheim Norway...”
Published 2018
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2352by N. F. Blagoveshchenskaya, T. D. Borisov, A. S. Kalishin, I. M. Egorov, G. A. Zagorskyi, A. S. Kovalev, Н. Ф. Благовещенская, Т. Д. Борисов, А. С. Калишин, И. М. Егоров, Г. А. Загорский, А. С. КовалевContributors: “... (NIPR and STEL), Norway (NFR), Sweden (VR), and the United Kingdom (NERC). The authors are thankful...”
Published in Toxics (2023)
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2353by Krause-Jensen, Dorte, Archambault, Philippe, Assis, Jorge, Bartsch, Inka, Bischof, Kai, Filbee-Dexter, Karen, Dunton, Kenneth H., Maximova, Olga, Ragnarsdóttir, Sunna Björk, Sejr, Mikael K., Simakova, Uliana, Spiridonov, Vassily, Wegeberg, Susse, Winding, Mie H.S., Duarte, Carlos M.Contributors: “...Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2021)
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2354by Willerslev, Eske, Davison, John, Moora, Mari, Zobel, Martin, Coissac, Eric, Edwards, Mary E., Lorenzen, Eline D., Vestergård, Mette, Gussarova, Galina, Haile, James, Craine, Joseph, Gielly, Ludovic, Boessenkool, Sanne, Epp, Laura S., Pearman, Peter B., Cheddadi, Rachid, Murray, David, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Yoccoz, Nigel, Binney, Heather, Cruaud, Corinne, Wincker, Patrick, Goslar, Tomasz, Alsos, Inger Greve, Bellemain, Eva, Brysting, Anne Krag, Elven, Reidar, Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik, Murton, Julian, Sher, Andrei, Rasmussen, Morten, Ronn, Regin, Mourier, Tobias, Cooper, Alan, Austin, Jeremy, Moller, Per, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Pompanon, Francois, Rioux, Delphine, Niderkorn, Vincent, Tikhonov, Alexei, Savvinov, Grigoriy, Roberts, Richard G., Macphee, Ross D. E., Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Kjær, Kurt H., Orlando, Ludovic, Brochmann, Christian, Taberlet, PierreContributors: “...The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT)...”
Published in Nature (2014)
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2355by Borgen, Liv, Antonelli, Alexandre, Gussarova, Galina, Marie-Orleach, Lucas, Brochmann, Christian, Rieseberg, Loren H., Ikeda, Hajime, Gustafsson, A. Lovisa S.Contributors: “...{"funder_name":"Naturhistorisk museum, Universitetet i Oslo, Norway","funder_position":"0...”
Published 2021
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2356by Lennox, Robert, Alexandre, Carlos, Almeida, Pedro, Bailey, Kevin, Barlaup, Bjørn, Bøe, Kristin, Breukelaar, André, Erkinaro, Jaakko, Forseth, Torbjørn, Gabrielsen, Sven-Erik, Halfyard, Edmund, Hanssen, Erlend, Karlsson, Sten, Koch, Stephanie, Koed, Anders, Langåker, Roy, Lo, Håvard, Lucas, Martyn, Mahlum, Shad, Perrier, Charles, Pulg, Ulrich, Sheehan, Timothy, Skoglund, Helge, Svenning, Martin, Thorstad, Eva, Velle, Gaute, Whoriskey, Frederick, Vollset, Knut WiikContributors: “... the Norwegian Environmental Directorate. Lennox was supported by the Research Council of Norway (LaKES Project...”
Published in ICES Journal of Marine Science (2021)
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2357by Nègre, Lucille, Stünitz, Holger, Raimbourg, Hugues, Précigout, Jacques, Jeřábek, Petr, Pongrac, PetarContributors: “...The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT)...”
Published 2020
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2358by Calduch-Giner, Josep, Holhorea, Paul George, Ferrer, Miguel Ángel, Naya-Català, Fernando, Rosell-Moll, Enrique, Vega García, Carlos, Prunet, Patrick, Espmark, Åsa, Leguen, Isabelle, Kolarevic, Jelena, Vega, Aurelio, Kerneis, Thierry, Goardon, Lionel, Afonso, Juan Manuel, Pérez-Sánchez, JaumeContributors: “...The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT)...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2022)
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2359by Calduch-Giner, Josep, Holhorea, Paul George, Ferrer, Miguel Ángel, Naya-Català, Fernando, Rosell-Moll, Enrique, Vega García, Carlos, Prunet, Patrick, Espmark, Åsa, Leguen, Isabelle, Kolarevic, Jelena, Vega, Aurelio, Kerneis, Thierry, Goardon, Lionel, Afonso, Juan Manuel, Pérez-Sánchez, JaumeContributors: “...The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT)...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2022)
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2360by Calduch-Giner, Josep, Holhorea, Paul George, Ferrer, Miguel Ángel, Naya-Català, Fernando, Rosell-Moll, Enrique, Vega García, Carlos, Prunet, Patrick, Espmark, Åsa, Leguen, Isabelle, Kolarevic, Jelena, Vega, Aurelio, Kerneis, Thierry, Goardon, Lionel, Afonso, Juan Manuel, Pérez-Sánchez, JaumeContributors: “...The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT)...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2022)
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