Japan
![[[Legend](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Emperor_Jimmu.jpg)
The first known habitation of the archipelago dates to the Upper Paleolithic, with the beginning Japanese Paleolithic dating to . Between the fourth and sixth centuries, its kingdoms were united under an emperor in Nara, and later Heian-kyō. From the 12th century, actual power was held by military dictators () and feudal lords (), and enforced by warrior nobility (''samurai''). After rule by the Kamakura and Ashikaga shogunates and a century of warring states, Japan was unified in 1600 by the Tokugawa shogunate, which implemented an isolationist foreign policy. In 1853, a United States fleet forced Japan to open trade to the West, which led to the end of the shogunate and the restoration of imperial power in 1868. In the Meiji period, the Empire of Japan pursued rapid industrialization and modernization, as well as militarism and overseas colonization. In 1937, Japan invaded China, and in 1941 attacked the United States and European colonial powers, entering World War II as an Axis power. After suffering defeat in the Pacific War and two atomic bombings, Japan surrendered in 1945 and came under Allied occupation. After the war, the country underwent rapid economic growth, although its economy has stagnated since 1990.
Japan is a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature, the National Diet. A great power and the only Asian member of the G7, Japan has constitutionally renounced its right to declare war, but maintains one of the world's strongest militaries. A highly developed country with one of the world's largest economies, Japan is a global leader in science and technology and the automotive, robotics, and electronics industries. It has one of the world's highest life expectancies, though it is undergoing a population decline. Japan's culture is well known around the world, including its art, cuisine, film, music, and popular culture, which includes prominent comics, animation, and video game industries. Provided by Wikipedia
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461by Eda, M., Kodama, Y., Ishimaru, E., Yoneda, M.Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in International Journal of Osteoarchaeology (2013)
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462by Terada, Chisato, Kwon, TaeOh, Kazahari, Nobuko, Kishida, Osamu, Utsumi, ShunsukeContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Ecological Research (2019)
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463by Fujii, Yukiko, Kato, Yoshihisa, Sakamoto, Kentarou, Matsuishi, Takashi, Harada, Kouji H., Koizumi, Akio, Kimura, Osamu, Endo, Tetsuya, Haraguchi, KoichiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Science of The Total Environment (2018)
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464by Cattano, Carlo, Agostini, Sylvain, Harvey, Ben P., Wada, Shigeki, Quattrocchi, Federico, Turco, Gabriele, Inaba, Kazuo, Hall-Spencer, Jason M., Milazzo, MarcoContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Science of The Total Environment (2020)
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465by Hashizume, Ko, Ishida, Akizumi, Chiba, Ayano, Okazaki, Ryuji, Yogata, Kasumi, Yada, Toru, Kitajima, Fumio, Yurimoto, Hisayoshi, Nakamura, Tomoki, Noguchi, Takaaki, Yabuta, Hikaru, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Takano, Yoshinori, Sakamoto, Kanako, Tachibana, Shogo, Nishimura, Masahiro, Nakato, Aiko, Miyazaki, Akiko, Abe, Masanao, Okada, Tatsuaki, Usui, Tomohiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Saiki, Takanao, Terui, Fuyuto, Tanaka, Satoshi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Watanabe, Sei‐ichiro, Tsuda, Yuichi, Broadley, Michael W., Busemann, HennerContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Meteoritics & Planetary Science (2024)
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466by Noguchi, Shunsuke, Kobayashi, ChiakiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (2017)
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467Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
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468by Takeya, Satoshi, Muromachi, Sanehiro, Muraoka, Michihiro, Suzuki, Kiyofumi, Tenma, Norio, Hirano, Keiichi, Hyodo, Kazuyuki, Kawamoto, Masahide, Yoneyama, AkioContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in The Journal of Chemical Physics (2024)
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469by Noguchi, Naoki, Shiraishi, Yui, Kageyama, Maho, Yokoi, Yuu, Kurohama, Saki, Okada, Natsuki, Okamura, HidekazuContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (2023)
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470Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
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471Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
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472by Sato, Yusuke, Takaku, Yoshihide, Nakano, Toshiaki, Akamatsu, Ken, Inamura, Dai, Nishizawa, SeiichiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Chemical Communications (2023)
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473by Hashimoto, Riichi, Iai, Hiyori, Fujita, Rie, Hanaya, Kengo, Higashibayashi, Shuhei, Inoue, Hiroyoshi, Sugai, TakeshiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (2020)
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474by Ostermann‐Miyashita, Emu‐Felicitas, König, Hannes J., Pernat, Nadja, Bellingrath‐Kimura, Sonoko Dorothea, Hibler, Sophia, Kiffner, ChristianContributors: “...Japan Student Services Organization...”
Published in People and Nature (2022)
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475by Ostermann‐Miyashita, Emu‐Felicitas, Bluhm, Hendrik, Dobiáš, Kornelia, Gandl, Nina, Hibler, Sophia, Look, Samantha, Michler, Frank‐Uwe, Weltgen, Leonie, Smaga, Aleksandra, König, Hannes J., Kuemmerle, Tobias, Kiffner, ChristianContributors: “...Japan Student Services Organization...”
Published in Ecology and Evolution (2023)
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476Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
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477Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
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478by Seguchi, Noriko, Quintyn, Conrad B., Yonemoto, Shiori, Takamuku, HirofumiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in American Journal of Human Biology (2017)
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479by Matsuoka, Norikazu, Christiansen, Hanne H., Watanabe, TatsuyaContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Permafrost and Periglacial Processes (2018)
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480by Motizuki, Yuko, Nakai, Yoichi, Takahashi, Kazuya, Sahoo, Yu Vin, Hirose, Junya, Yumoto, Masaki, Maruyama, Masayuki, Sakashita, Michio, Kase, Kiwamu, Wada, Satoshi, Motoyama, Hideaki, Yano, YasushigeContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published 2022
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