Environmental science
![Rachel Carson published her groundbreaking novel, ''Silent Spring'', in 1962, bringing the study of environmental science to the forefront of society.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Rachel-Carson.jpg)
Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions and policies towards the environment. Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect.
Environmental scientists seek to understand the earth's physical, chemical, biological, and geological processes, and to use that knowledge to understand how issues such as alternative energy systems, pollution control and mitigation, natural resource management, and the effects of global warming and climate change influence and affect the natural systems and processes of earth. Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Environmental scientists bring a systems approach to the analysis of environmental problems. Key elements of an effective environmental scientist include the ability to relate space, and time relationships as well as quantitative analysis.
Environmental science came alive as a substantive, active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s driven by (a) the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze complex environmental problems, (b) the arrival of substantive environmental laws requiring specific environmental protocols of investigation and (c) the growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems. Events that spurred this development included the publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book ''Silent Spring'' along with major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill, and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, "catching fire" (also in 1969), and helped increase the visibility of environmental issues and create this new field of study. Provided by Wikipedia
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5821by Dahl-Jensen, D., R. Albert, M., Aldahan, A., Azuma, N., Balslev-Clausen, D., Baumgartner, M., Berggren, A.-M., Bigler, M., Binder, T., Blunier, T., C. Bourgeois, J., J. Brook, E., L. Buchardt, S., Buizert, C., Capron, E., Chappellaz, J., Chung, J., B. Clausen, H., Cvijanovic, I., M. Davies, S., Ditlevsen, P., Eicher, O., Fischer, H., Fisher, D.A., G. Fleet, L., Gfeller, G., Gkinis, V., Gogineni, S., Goto-Azuma, K., Grinsted, A., Gudlaugsdottir, H., Guillevic, M., B. Hansen, S., Hansson, M., Hirabayashi, M., Hong, S., D. Hur, S., Huybrechts, P., S. Hvidberg, C., Iizuka, Y., Jenk, T., J. Johnsen, S., R. Jones, T., Jouzel, Jean, B. Karlsson, N., Kawamura, K., Keegan, K., Kettner, E., Kipfstuhl, S., A. Kjær, H., Koutnik, M., Kuramoto, T., Köhler, P., Laepple, T., Landais, A., L. Langen, P., B. Larsen, L., Leuenberger, D., Leuenberger, M., Leuschen, C., Li, J., Lipenkov, V., Martinerie, P., J. Maselli, O., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, R. Mcconnell, J., Miller, H., Mini, O., Miyamoto, A., Montagnat-Rentier, M., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., J. Orsi, A., Paden, J., Panton, C., Pattyn, F., Petit, J.-R., Pol, K., Popp, T., Possnert, G., Prié, F., Prokopiou, M., Quiquet, A., O. Rasmussen, S., Raynaud, D., Ren, J., Reutenauer, C., Ritz, C., Röckmann, T., L. Rosen, J., Rubino, M., Rybak, O., Samyn, D., J. Sapart, C., Schilt, A., M. Z. Schmidt, A., Schwander, J., Schüpbach, S., Seierstad, I., P. Severinghaus, J., Sheldon, S., B. Simonsen, S., Sjolte, J., M. Solgaard, A., Sowers, T., Sperlich, P., C. Steen-Larsen, H., Steffen, K., P. Steffensen, J., Steinhage, D., F. Stocker, T., Stowasser, C., S. Sturevik, A., T. Sturges, W., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A., Svensson, A., Tison, J.-L., Uetake, J., Vallelonga, P., S. W. van de Wal, R., van Der Wel, G., H. Vaughn, B., Vinther, B., Waddington, E., Wegner, A., Weikusat, I., W. C. White, J., Wilhelms, F., Winstrup, M., Witrant, Emmanuel, W. Wolff, E., Xiao, C., Zheng, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Nature (2013)
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5822by Buiron, Daphné, Chappellaz, Jérôme, Stenni, Barbara, Frezzotti, Massimo, Baumgartner, Matthias, Capron, Emilie, Landais, Amaëlle, Lemieux-Dudon, Bénédicte, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Montagnat, Maurine, Parrenin, Frédéric, Schilt, AdrianContributors: “...Modelling, Observations, Identification for Environmental Sciences (MOISE)...”
Published in Climate of the Past (2011)
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5823by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5824by Dahl-Jensen, D., R. Albert, M., Aldahan, A., Azuma, N., Balslev-Clausen, D., Baumgartner, M., Berggren, A.-M., Bigler, M., Binder, T., Blunier, T., C. Bourgeois, J., J. Brook, E., L. Buchardt, S., Buizert, C., Capron, E., Chappellaz, J., Chung, J., B. Clausen, H., Cvijanovic, I., M. Davies, S., Ditlevsen, P., Eicher, O., Fischer, H., Fisher, D.A., G. Fleet, L., Gfeller, G., Gkinis, V., Gogineni, S., Goto-Azuma, K., Grinsted, A., Gudlaugsdottir, H., Guillevic, M., B. Hansen, S., Hansson, M., Hirabayashi, M., Hong, S., D. Hur, S., Huybrechts, P., S. Hvidberg, C., Iizuka, Y., Jenk, T., J. Johnsen, S., R. Jones, T., Jouzel, Jean, B. Karlsson, N., Kawamura, K., Keegan, K., Kettner, E., Kipfstuhl, S., A. Kjær, H., Koutnik, M., Kuramoto, T., Köhler, P., Laepple, T., Landais, A., L. Langen, P., B. Larsen, L., Leuenberger, D., Leuenberger, M., Leuschen, C., Li, J., Lipenkov, V., Martinerie, P., J. Maselli, O., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, R. Mcconnell, J., Miller, H., Mini, O., Miyamoto, A., Montagnat-Rentier, M., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., J. Orsi, A., Paden, J., Panton, C., Pattyn, F., Petit, J.-R., Pol, K., Popp, T., Possnert, G., Prié, F., Prokopiou, M., Quiquet, A., O. Rasmussen, S., Raynaud, D., Ren, J., Reutenauer, C., Ritz, C., Röckmann, T., L. Rosen, J., Rubino, M., Rybak, O., Samyn, D., J. Sapart, C., Schilt, A., M. Z. Schmidt, A., Schwander, J., Schüpbach, S., Seierstad, I., P. Severinghaus, J., Sheldon, S., B. Simonsen, S., Sjolte, J., M. Solgaard, A., Sowers, T., Sperlich, P., C. Steen-Larsen, H., Steffen, K., P. Steffensen, J., Steinhage, D., F. Stocker, T., Stowasser, C., S. Sturevik, A., T. Sturges, W., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A., Svensson, A., Tison, J.-L., Uetake, J., Vallelonga, P., S. W. van de Wal, R., van Der Wel, G., H. Vaughn, B., Vinther, B., Waddington, E., Wegner, A., Weikusat, I., W. C. White, J., Wilhelms, F., Winstrup, M., Witrant, Emmanuel, W. Wolff, E., Xiao, C., Zheng, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Nature (2013)
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5825by Wang, Rong, Balkanski, Yves, Bopp, Laurent, Aumont, Olivier, Boucher, Olivier, Ciais, Philippe, Gehlen, Marion, Peñuelas, Josep, Éthé, Christian, Hauglustaine, Didier, Li, Bengang, Liu, Junfeng, Zhou, Feng, Tao, ShuContributors: “...Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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5826by Wang, Rong, Balkanski, Yves, Bopp, Laurent, Aumont, Olivier, Boucher, Olivier, Ciais, Philippe, Gehlen, Marion, Peñuelas, Josep, Éthé, Christian, Hauglustaine, Didier, Li, Bengang, Liu, Junfeng, Zhou, Feng, Tao, ShuContributors: “...Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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5827by Dahl-Jensen, D., R. Albert, M., Aldahan, A., Azuma, N., Balslev-Clausen, D., Baumgartner, M., Berggren, A.-M., Bigler, M., Binder, T., Blunier, T., C. Bourgeois, J., J. Brook, E., L. Buchardt, S., Buizert, C., Capron, E., Chappellaz, J., Chung, J., B. Clausen, H., Cvijanovic, I., M. Davies, S., Ditlevsen, P., Eicher, O., Fischer, H., Fisher, D.A., G. Fleet, L., Gfeller, G., Gkinis, V., Gogineni, S., Goto-Azuma, K., Grinsted, A., Gudlaugsdottir, H., Guillevic, M., B. Hansen, S., Hansson, M., Hirabayashi, M., Hong, S., D. Hur, S., Huybrechts, P., S. Hvidberg, C., Iizuka, Y., Jenk, T., J. Johnsen, S., R. Jones, T., Jouzel, Jean, B. Karlsson, N., Kawamura, K., Keegan, K., Kettner, E., Kipfstuhl, S., A. Kjær, H., Koutnik, M., Kuramoto, T., Köhler, P., Laepple, T., Landais, A., L. Langen, P., B. Larsen, L., Leuenberger, D., Leuenberger, M., Leuschen, C., Li, J., Lipenkov, V., Martinerie, P., J. Maselli, O., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, R. Mcconnell, J., Miller, H., Mini, O., Miyamoto, A., Montagnat-Rentier, M., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., J. Orsi, A., Paden, J., Panton, C., Pattyn, F., Petit, J.-R., Pol, K., Popp, T., Possnert, G., Prié, F., Prokopiou, M., Quiquet, A., O. Rasmussen, S., Raynaud, D., Ren, J., Reutenauer, C., Ritz, C., Röckmann, T., L. Rosen, J., Rubino, M., Rybak, O., Samyn, D., J. Sapart, C., Schilt, A., M. Z. Schmidt, A., Schwander, J., Schüpbach, S., Seierstad, I., P. Severinghaus, J., Sheldon, S., B. Simonsen, S., Sjolte, J., M. Solgaard, A., Sowers, T., Sperlich, P., C. Steen-Larsen, H., Steffen, K., P. Steffensen, J., Steinhage, D., F. Stocker, T., Stowasser, C., S. Sturevik, A., T. Sturges, W., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A., Svensson, A., Tison, J.-L., Uetake, J., Vallelonga, P., S. W. van de Wal, R., van Der Wel, G., H. Vaughn, B., Vinther, B., Waddington, E., Wegner, A., Weikusat, I., W. C. White, J., Wilhelms, F., Winstrup, M., Witrant, Emmanuel, W. Wolff, E., Xiao, C., Zheng, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Nature (2013)
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5828by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5829by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5830by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5831by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5832by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5833by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
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5834by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5835by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
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5836by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
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5837by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
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5838by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...School of Environmental Sciences Norwich...”
Published 2019
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5839by Favier, Vincent, Verfaillie, D., Berthier, Étienne, Menegoz, M., Jomelli, V., Kay, J. E., Ducret, L., Malbéteau, Y., Brunstein, D, Gallée, H., Park, Young-Hyang, Rinterknecht, V.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2016)
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5840by Favier, Vincent, Verfaillie, D., Berthier, Étienne, Menegoz, M., Jomelli, V., Kay, J. E., Ducret, L., Malbéteau, Y., Brunstein, D, Gallée, H., Park, Young-Hyang, Rinterknecht, V.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2016)
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