Boston
Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It has an area of and a population of 675,647 as of the 2020 census, making it the third-largest city in the Northeast after New York City and Philadelphia. The Greater Boston metropolitan statistical area, including and surrounding the city, is the largest in New England and eleventh-largest in the country.Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers. The city was named after Boston, Lincolnshire, England. During the American Revolution, Boston was home to several events that proved central to the revolution and subsequent Revolutionary War, including the Boston Massacre (1770), the Boston Tea Party (1773), Paul Revere's Midnight Ride (1775), the Battle of Bunker Hill (1775), and the Siege of Boston (1775–1776). Following American independence from Great Britain, the city continued to play an important role as a port, manufacturing hub, and center for education and culture. The city also expanded significantly beyond the original peninsula by filling in land and annexing neighboring towns. Boston's many firsts include the United States' first public park (Boston Common, 1634), the first public school (Boston Latin School, 1635), and the first subway system (Tremont Street subway, 1897).
Boston has emerged as a national leader in higher education and research and the largest biotechnology hub in the world. The city is also a national leader in scientific research, law, medicine, engineering, and business. With nearly 5,000 startup companies, the city is considered a global pioneer in innovation and entrepreneurship, and more recently in artificial intelligence. Boston's economy also includes finance, professional and business services, information technology, and government activities. Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States. Furthermore, Boston's businesses and institutions rank among the top in the country overall for environmental sustainability and new investment. Provided by Wikipedia
-
81by Eguíluz, Victor M., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Irigoien, Xabier, Duarte, Carlos M.Contributors: “...Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2016)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
82by Helgadottir, S, Sigurdsson, M I, Palsson, R, Helgason, D, Sigurdsson, G H, Gudbjartsson, TContributors: “... & Pain Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA 3 Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Reykjavik, Iceland 4 Landspitali...”
Published in Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica (2016)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
83by Hardardottir, Hronn, Aspelund, Thor, Zhu, Jianwei, Fall, Katja, Hauksdottir, Arna, Fang, Fang, Lu, Donghao, Janson, Christer, Jonsson, Steinn, Valdimarsdottir, Heiddis, Valdimarsdottir, Unnur AContributors: “..., Boston, MA, USA. 10Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala...”
Published in Supportive Care in Cancer (2021)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
84by Ásgeirsdóttir, Hildur G, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A, Þorsteinsdóttir, Þórdís K, Lund, Sigrún H, Tomasson, Gunnar, Nyberg, Ullakarin, Ásgeirsdóttir, Tinna L, Hauksdóttir, ArnaContributors: “... Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 4 Research Institute...”
Published in European Journal of Psychotraumatology (2019)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
85by Gisladottir, Agnes, Harlow, Bernard L, Gudmundsdottir, Berglind, Bjarnadottir, Ragnheidur I, Jonsdottir, Eyrun, Aspelund, Thor, Cnattingius, Sven, Valdimarsdottir, Unnur AContributors: “..., Stockholm, Sweden, Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA...”
Published in Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica (2014)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
86by Bates, Amanda E, Primack, Richard B, Biggar, Brandy S, Bird, Tomas J, Clinton, Mary E, Command, Rylan J, Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R, Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M, Adamescu, Cristian M, Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D, Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z, Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G, Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Iacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D, Thorrold, Simon R, Brownscombe, Jacob W, Midwood, Jonathan D, Boston, Christine M, Brooks, Jill L, Cooke, Steven J, China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R M, Costello, Mark J, Crimmins, Theresa M, Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G, Gerst, Katharine L, Marsh, R L, Posthumus, Erin E, Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N, Switzer, Jeff R, Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J, Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L, Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D, Day, Paul B, Edgar, Graham J, Cooper, Antonia T, De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G, Schrimpf, Michael B, Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S, Dwyer, Ross G, Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E, Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M, Rodríguez, Jorge P, Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A, Archer, Stephanie K, Dudas, Sarah E, Haggarty, Dana R, Gallagher, Austin J, Shea, Brendan D, Shipley, Oliver N, Gilby, Ben L, Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D, Henderson, Christopher J, Schlacher, Thomas A, Halliday, William D, Brown, Nicholas A W, Woods, Mackenzie B, Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J, Albano, Patricia S, Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C, Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J S, Orth, Robert J, Patrick, Christopher J, Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L, Higgs, Nicholas D, Hindell, Mark A, McMahon, Clive R, Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E, Perrault, Justin R, Hoover, Shelby R, Reilly, Jennifer D, Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M, Kroesen, Laura P, Hik, David S, Cherry, Seth G, Del Bel Belluz, Justin A, Jackson, Jennifer M, Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T, LeClair, Gregory D, Parmelee, Jeffrey R, Chatfield, Matthew W H, Frederick, Cheryl A, Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, de-Broin, Frédéric Dulude, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S, Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P, Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbeláez-Cortés, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A, Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E, García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K, Franco Morales, Juan C, Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ari, Yigael Ben, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J, Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F, Barclay, David R, Thomson, Dugald J M, Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A, Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Dobrev, Dobromir, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C, Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T, Lowe, Christopher G, Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K, Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G, Prudic, Kathleen L, Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P, Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A, Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A, Sims, David W, Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A, Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P, Rodgers, Ku'ulei S, Severino, Sarah J L, Graham, Andrew T, Stefanak, Matthew P, Madin, Elizabeth M P, Ryan, Peter G, Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A, Şekercioğlu, Çağan H, Kittelberger, Kyle D, Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A, Hanna, Megan E, Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G, Smith, Martin K S, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M, Soh, Malcolm C K, Pang, Roanna Y T, Ng, Breyl X K, Lee, Benjamin P Y-H, Loo, Adrian H B, Er, Kenneth B H, Souza, Gabriel B G, Stallings, Christopher D, Curtis, Joseph S, Faletti, Meaghan E, Peake, Jonathan A, Schram, Michael J, Wall, Kara R, Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H, Taylor, Michelle E, Woodall, Lucy C, Stefanoudis, Paris V, Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric E G, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M, Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B, Botero, Camilo M, Velázquez, Yunior R, Milchakova, Nataliya A, Morley, Simon A, Martin, Stephanie M, Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tanya, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, Sobral, Ana F L, Soto, Eulogio H, Weigel, Emily G, Bernal-Ibáñez, Alejandro, Gestoso, Ignacio, Cacabelos, Eva, Cagnacci, Francesca, Devassy, Reny Palliparambil, Loretto, Matthias-Claudio, Moraga, Paula, Rutz, Christian, Duarte, Carlos M.Contributors: “...Biology Department, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA....”
Published in Biological Conservation (2021)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
87by Long, Thorir E, Helgason, Dadi, Helgadottir, Solveig, Palsson, Runolfur, Gudbjartsson, Tomas, Sigurdsson, Gisli H, Indridason, Olafur S, Sigurdsson, Martin IContributors: “... & Pain Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA...”
Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia (2016)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
88by Guo, Weifu, Bokade, Rohit, Cohen, Anne L., Mollica, Nathaniel R., Leung, Muriel, Brainard, Russell E.Contributors: “...Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA USA...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2020)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
89by Thordardottir, Edda Bjork, Gudmundsdottir, Berglind, Petursdottir, Gudrun, Valdimarsdottir, Unnur Anna, Hauksdottir, ArnaContributors: “... Sustainabil Studies, Reykjavik, Iceland 6 Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA Show...”
Published 2018
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
90by Chen, Long, Zhang, Yanxu, Jacob, Daniel J., Soerensen, Anne L., Fisher, Jenny A., Horowitz, Hannah M., Corbitt, Elizabeth S., Wang, XuejunContributors: “...Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA....”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
91by Arbel Rubinstein, Tammi, Reuveni, Inbal, Hesin, Arkadi, Klein-Goldberg, Anat, Olauson, Hannes, Larsson, Tobias E., Bosch Merino, Assumpció, Chillon Rodriguez, MiguelContributors: “..., Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. Bosch A Klogenix Therapeutics Inc., Boston, MA 02116...”
Published in Cancers (2021)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
92by Ásgeirsdóttir, Hildur G, Ásgeirsdóttir, Tinna L, Nyberg, Ullakarin, Thorsteinsdottir, Thordis K, Mogensen, Brynjólfur, Matthíasson, Páll, Lund, Sigrún H, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A, Hauksdóttir, ArnaContributors: “... Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA....”
Published in The European Journal of Public Health (2017)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
93by Tomasson, G, Bjornsson, J, Zhang, Y, Gudnason, V, Merkel, P AContributors: “... University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA. 6 f Faculty of Medicine , University of Iceland...”
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology (2019)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
94by Xu, L., Myneni, R. B., Chapin, F. S., III, Callaghan, T. V., Pinzon, J. E., Tucker, C. J., Zhu, Z., Bi, J., Ciais, P., Tommervik, H., Euskirchen, E. S., Forbes, B. C., Piao, S. L., Anderson, B. T., Ganguly, S., Nemani, R. R., Goetz, S. J., Beck, P. S. A., Bunn, A. G., Cao, C., Stroeve, J. C.Contributors: “...Xu, L (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA....”
Published in Nature Climate Change (2013)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
95by Hrolfsdottir, Laufey, Halldorsson, Thorhallur I, Rytter, Dorte, Bech, Bodil Hammer, Birgisdottir, Bryndis E, Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg, Granström, Charlotta, Henriksen, Tine Brink, Olsen, Sjurdur F, Maslova, EkaterinaContributors: “... Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA USA Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s) 7 Imperial Coll, Dept...”
Published in Journal of the American Heart Association (2017)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
96by Vidarsdottir, Harpa, Halldorsson, Thorhallur Ingi, Geirsson, Reynir Tomas, Bjarnason, Ragnar, Franzson, Leifur, Valdimarsdottir, Unnur Anna, Thorkelsson, ThordurContributors: “... Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 10Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston...”
Published in Acta Paediatrica (2021)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
97by Chen, Litong, Jing, Xin, Flynn, Dan F. B., Shi, Yue, Kuehn, Peter, Scholten, Thomas, He, Jin-ShengContributors: “...Arnold Arboretum Harvard Univ, 1300 Ctr St, Boston, MA USA....”
Published in Geoderma (2017)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
98by Wang, Xuhui, Piao, Shilong, Ciais, Philippe, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Myneni, Ranga B., Cox, Peter, Heimann, Martin, Miller, John, Peng, Shushi, Wang, Tao, Yang, Hui, Chen, AnpingContributors: “...Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA....”
Published in Nature (2014)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
99by Eriksen, Bjørn O, Schaeffner, Elke, Melsom, Toralf, Ebert, Natalie, van der Giet, Markus, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Indridasson, Olafur S, Karger, Amy B, Levey, Andrew S, Schuchardt, Mirjam, Sørensen, Liv K, Palsson, RunolfurContributors: “...Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA. 9Department of Medical Biochemistry, University...”
Published in American Journal of Kidney Diseases (2020)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
100by Peng, Shushi, Piao, Shilong, Ciais, Philippe, Myneni, Ranga B., Chen, Anping, Chevallier, Frederic, Dolman, Albertus J., Janssens, Ivan A., Penuelas, Josep, Zhang, Gengxin, Vicca, Sara, Wan, Shiqiang, Wang, Shiping, Zeng, HuiContributors: “...Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA....”
Published in Nature (2013)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper