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3281by Manney, Gloria L., Santee, Michelle L., Rex, Markus, Livesey, Nathaniel J., Pitts, Michael C., Veefkind, Pepijn, Nash, Eric R., Wohltmann, Ingo, Lehmann, Ralph, Froidevaux, Lucien, Poole, Lamont R., Schoeberl, Mark R., Haffner, David P., Davies, Jonathan, Dorokhov, Valery, Gernandt, Hartwig, Johnson, Bryan, Kivi, Rigel, Kyrö, Esko, Larsen, Niels, Levelt, Pieternel F., Makshtas, Alexander, McElroy, C. Thomas, Nakajima, Hideaki, Parrondo, Maria Concepción, Tarasick, David W., von der Gathen, Peter, Walker, Kaley A., Zinoviev, Nikita S.“... in the Arctic lower stratosphere led to persistent enhancement in ozone-destroying forms of chlorine...”
Published in Nature (2011)
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3282by Rex, Markus, Wohltmann, Ingo, Lehmann, Ralph, Deckelmann, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Balis, D., De Backer, H., Davis, J., Dorokhov, V., Eriksen, P., Gerding, M., Gernandt, Hartwig, Godin-Beekmann, S., Hardadottic, J., Jepsen, N., Johnson, B., Kivi, R., Kyrö, E., Larsen, N., Livesey, N. J., Makshtas, A., Manney, G. L., McElroy, C. T., Moore, D., Nakajima, H., Parrondo, M., Santee, M. L., Skrivankova, P., Stübi, R., Tarasick, D. W., Varghese, S., Varotsos, C., Vömel, H., Walker, K. A., Yushkov, V., Zerefos, C., Zinoviev, Nikita S.“... clouds, and hence the activation of chlorine from reservoir species through heterogeneous processes, were...”
Published 2012
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3283“... cold conditions allowing Polar Stratospheric Clouds to form until at least mid-March. Chlorine...”
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3284by von Clarmann, T., Funke, B., Glatthor, N., Kellmann, S., Kiefer, M., Kirner, O., Sinnhuber, B.-M., Stiller, G. P.“... hemisphere except for chlorine activation conditions in polar vortices, where enhanced HOCl abundances...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2012)
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3285by Orr, Andrew, Hosking, J. Scott, Delon, Aymeric, Hoffmann, Lars, Spang, Reinhold, Moffat-Griffin, Tracy, Keeble, James, Abraham, Nathan Luke, Braesicke, Peter“... the winter and early spring, which is important for chlorine activation. The parameterisation scheme...”
Published 2020
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3286“... for the conversion of inert chlorine species into active forms and by denitrification of the stratosphere. Therefore...”
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3287“... number density NAT mixtures would have a minimal impact on chlorine activation due to their relatively...”
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3288“..., levels of equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC), ozone depletion potentials, and global...”
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3289“..., levels of equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC), ozone depletion potentials, and global...”
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3290by K. A. Stone, O. Morgenstern, D. J. Karoly, A. R. Klekociuk, W. J. French, N. L. Abraham, R. Schofield“... compared to above 50 hPa in the model. Analysis of vertical chlorine monoxide profiles indicates...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2016)
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3291by Bertelsen, Ida Maria Gieysztor, Belmonte, Louise Josefine, Chen, Wan, Ottosen, Lisbeth M.“... of both sulphur and carbon, whereas an unexpectedly high content of chlorine was found. A laboratory-scale...”
Published 2015
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3292by Bednarz, Ewa Monika“... ozone increases in the future, consistent with future reduction in stratospheric chlorine, stratospheric...”
Published 2018
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3293by Simpson, W. R., von Glasow, R., Riedel, K., Anderson, P., Ariya, P., Bottenheim, J., Burrows, J., Carpenter, L. J., Frieß, U., Goodsite, M. E., Heard, D., Hutterli, M., Jacobi, H.-W., Kaleschke, L., Neff, B., Plane, J., Platt, U., Richter, A., Roscoe, H., Sander, R., Shepson, P., Sodeau, J., Steffen, A., Wagner, T., Wolff, E.“... bromine (chlorine and iodine) are also activated through incompletely understood mechanisms...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2007)
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3294by M. Herrmann, H. Sihler, U. Frieß, T. Wagner, U. Platt, E. Gutheil“... mechanism is extended by bromine and chlorine reactions as well as an emission mechanism for reactive...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2021)
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3295by Brunner, Dominik, Staehelin, Johannes, Maeder, J.A., Wohltmann, Ingo, Bodeker, Greg E.“... circulation, Arctic ozone depletion, and the increase in stratospheric chlorine. The effects of displacements...”
Published 2006
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3296by Dhomse, S., Weber, M., Wohltmann, I., Rex, M., Burrows, J. P.“... effective stratospheric chlorine) and on the other hand planetary wave driving (eddy heat flux...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2006)
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3297“..., and the increase in stratospheric chlorine. The effects of displacements of the polar vortex and jet streams due...”
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3298“... circulation, Arctic ozone depletion, and the increase in stratospheric chlorine. The effects of displacements...”
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3299by Turco, Richard P.“..., the inefficiency of chlorine injection into the stratosphere during major volcanic eruptions was explained...”
Published 1996
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3300by Ul'yanovskii, Nikolay V., Kosyakov, Dmitry S., Sypalov, Sergey A., Varsegov, Ilya S., Shavrina, Irina S., Lebedev, Albert T.“... disinfection with active chlorine, as well as to assess the levels of the antiviral drug and its metabolites...”
Published in Science of The Total Environment (2022)
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