Topic
POINT DISTANCE from start
341
Polarstern
Remote Sensing of Sea Ice Properties FEME
Sea Ice Physics @ AWI AWI_SeaIce
341
Freeboard
219
Ice measurement
187
Sea ice thickness
186
Ice draft
166
Drilling and ruler tape
162
Determined by helicopter-borne laser distance measurement
154
Determined from reflected laser signal strength
133
Ice coverage, yes=1/no=0
133
ARK-XII
129
Surface layer thickness
129
Electromagnetic sounding EM, Geonics EM31 conductivity sensor, Haas et al 1997
123
Ruler stick
119
Calculated from ice-thickness; Measured with ruler tape
90
Electromagnetic induction/laser
86
ARK-XI/1
76
ARK-XVII/2
75
Laser distance meter, PS100EL, IBEO
68
Surface elevation
68
ARK-VIII/3
50
Calculated
38
Snow thickness
31
Surface levelling/surveying
30
Melt pond depth
28
Calculated from ice-thickness based on the electromagnetic sounding
26
ARK-IX/4
11
Melt pond bottom z coordinate
8