Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber
Unlike many other persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in lipid rich tissues, most known per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulate in protein rich tissues such as liver and blood. The recent discovery of elevated concentrations of unidentified extractable organofluorine (EOF) in...
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:8262909 2024-09-15T18:10:17+00:00 Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber Lauria, Mélanie Zoé Haque, Faiz Persson, Cecilia Wang, Thanh Simon, Malene Roos, Anna Plassmann, Merle Jonathan, Benskin 2023-05-02 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262909 eng eng Zenodo https://zenodo.org/communities/perforce3 https://zenodo.org/communities/eu https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262908 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262909 oai:zenodo.org:8262909 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode SETAC, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 33rd European annual meeting, Dublin, Ireland, 30 April to 4 of May 2023 PFAS blubber marine mammals fluorine mass balance organofluorine info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePoster 2023 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.826290910.5281/zenodo.8262908 2024-07-27T03:30:56Z Unlike many other persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in lipid rich tissues, most known per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulate in protein rich tissues such as liver and blood. The recent discovery of elevated concentrations of unidentified extractable organofluorine (EOF) in killer whale blubber shows this rule might not be applicable to all PFAS. The aim of this study was to narrow down the possible nature of the unknown lipophilic organofluorine. Analysis of a second Greenlandic killer whale confirmed the original findings from Schultes et al. (2020), which showed >90% of unexplained EOF and very similar target PFAS profiles. Thereafter, extracts were subjected to the total oxidizable precursor assay, which revealed low to negligible perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid formation, indicating the organofluorine substance(s) were not perfluoroalkyl acids-precursors. Solvent extraction using hexane improved extraction efficiency compared to acetonitrile, suggesting a neutral/non-polar organofluorine substance. This observation was further supported by a lack of sorption to strong anion and cation exchange resins. Overall, these experiments point towards a neutral/non-polar non-PFAA forming organofluorine substance. Efforts to characterize the purified extracts by 19 F NMR were unsuccessful, possibly due to the relatively high detection limits of this technique. A negative result might also indicate that the organofluorine is comprised of several neutral substances and not just one or a few substances in high concentration. Finally, a suspect screen for fluorinated liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) was carried out by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). While these substances display physical-chemical properties which align with those of our unidentified organofluorine, no fluorinated LCMs were detected from this analysis. Future work will apply a broader GC-HRMS-based non-targeted screening in an effort to further narrow down the identityof this unknown organofluorine. Conference Object greenlandic Killer Whale Killer whale Zenodo |
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ftzenodo |
language |
English |
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PFAS blubber marine mammals fluorine mass balance organofluorine |
spellingShingle |
PFAS blubber marine mammals fluorine mass balance organofluorine Lauria, Mélanie Zoé Haque, Faiz Persson, Cecilia Wang, Thanh Simon, Malene Roos, Anna Plassmann, Merle Jonathan, Benskin Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber |
topic_facet |
PFAS blubber marine mammals fluorine mass balance organofluorine |
description |
Unlike many other persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in lipid rich tissues, most known per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulate in protein rich tissues such as liver and blood. The recent discovery of elevated concentrations of unidentified extractable organofluorine (EOF) in killer whale blubber shows this rule might not be applicable to all PFAS. The aim of this study was to narrow down the possible nature of the unknown lipophilic organofluorine. Analysis of a second Greenlandic killer whale confirmed the original findings from Schultes et al. (2020), which showed >90% of unexplained EOF and very similar target PFAS profiles. Thereafter, extracts were subjected to the total oxidizable precursor assay, which revealed low to negligible perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid formation, indicating the organofluorine substance(s) were not perfluoroalkyl acids-precursors. Solvent extraction using hexane improved extraction efficiency compared to acetonitrile, suggesting a neutral/non-polar organofluorine substance. This observation was further supported by a lack of sorption to strong anion and cation exchange resins. Overall, these experiments point towards a neutral/non-polar non-PFAA forming organofluorine substance. Efforts to characterize the purified extracts by 19 F NMR were unsuccessful, possibly due to the relatively high detection limits of this technique. A negative result might also indicate that the organofluorine is comprised of several neutral substances and not just one or a few substances in high concentration. Finally, a suspect screen for fluorinated liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) was carried out by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). While these substances display physical-chemical properties which align with those of our unidentified organofluorine, no fluorinated LCMs were detected from this analysis. Future work will apply a broader GC-HRMS-based non-targeted screening in an effort to further narrow down the identityof this unknown organofluorine. |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
Lauria, Mélanie Zoé Haque, Faiz Persson, Cecilia Wang, Thanh Simon, Malene Roos, Anna Plassmann, Merle Jonathan, Benskin |
author_facet |
Lauria, Mélanie Zoé Haque, Faiz Persson, Cecilia Wang, Thanh Simon, Malene Roos, Anna Plassmann, Merle Jonathan, Benskin |
author_sort |
Lauria, Mélanie Zoé |
title |
Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber |
title_short |
Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber |
title_full |
Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber |
title_fullStr |
Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber |
title_full_unstemmed |
Narrowing Down the Identity of Extractable Organofluorine in Killer Whale Blubber |
title_sort |
narrowing down the identity of extractable organofluorine in killer whale blubber |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262909 |
genre |
greenlandic Killer Whale Killer whale |
genre_facet |
greenlandic Killer Whale Killer whale |
op_source |
SETAC, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 33rd European annual meeting, Dublin, Ireland, 30 April to 4 of May 2023 |
op_relation |
https://zenodo.org/communities/perforce3 https://zenodo.org/communities/eu https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262908 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262909 oai:zenodo.org:8262909 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.826290910.5281/zenodo.8262908 |
_version_ |
1810447870702125056 |