Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States
Recovering and maintaining large carnivore populations is a global conservation challenge that requires better knowledge of the factors affecting their populations, particularly in shared landscapes (i.e., non-protected areas where people occupy and or utilize the land). The Mexican wolf ( Canis lup...
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:8161817 2024-09-15T18:01:27+00:00 Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States Breck, Stewart Davis, Amy Oakleaf, John Bergman, David deVos, Jim Greer, J. Pepin, Kim 2023-07-18 https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb5z8 unknown Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8140794 https://zenodo.org/communities/dryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb5z8 oai:zenodo.org:8161817 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode illegal killing management removal conflict prevention reintroduction Mexican wolf human-carnivore conflict coexistence info:eu-repo/semantics/other 2023 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb5z810.5281/zenodo.8140794 2024-07-27T00:44:42Z Recovering and maintaining large carnivore populations is a global conservation challenge that requires better knowledge of the factors affecting their populations, particularly in shared landscapes (i.e., non-protected areas where people occupy and or utilize the land). The Mexican wolf ( Canis lupus baileyi ) is an endangered wolf subspecies being recovered on shared landscapes in the Southwest United States and Mexico. We used data from the U.S. program to model population growth, evaluate the impact of management removal and illegal killing relative to other demographic factors, and test hypotheses about factors influencing rates of management removal and illegal killing. From 1998–2019, the population growth averaged 12% per year. Rates of natural reproduction, illegal killing, and other mortality remained consistent over the 22 years; while releases, translocations, and management removals varied markedly between two time periods, phase 1: 1998–2007 and phase 2: 2008–2019. The number of wolves removed for conflict management was higher during phase 1 (average ~13 per year, rate = 24.8%) than phase 2 (average of ~5 per year, rate = 5.2%). This decrease in management removal resulted in the wolf population resuming growth after a period of population stagnation. Two factors influenced this decrease, a change in policy regarding removal of wolves (stronger modeling support) and a decrease in the number of captive-reared adult wolves released into the wild (weaker modeling support). Illegal mortality was relatively constant across both phases, but after the decrease in management removal, illegal mortality became the most important factor (relative importance shifted from 28.2% to 50.1%). Illegal mortality was positively correlated with rates of reintroduction and translocation of wolves and negatively correlated with the rate of management removal. Synthesis and applications . Using management removal to reduce human-carnivore conflict can have negative population impacts if not used judiciously. Recovering ... Other/Unknown Material Canis lupus Zenodo |
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illegal killing management removal conflict prevention reintroduction Mexican wolf human-carnivore conflict coexistence |
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illegal killing management removal conflict prevention reintroduction Mexican wolf human-carnivore conflict coexistence Breck, Stewart Davis, Amy Oakleaf, John Bergman, David deVos, Jim Greer, J. Pepin, Kim Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States |
topic_facet |
illegal killing management removal conflict prevention reintroduction Mexican wolf human-carnivore conflict coexistence |
description |
Recovering and maintaining large carnivore populations is a global conservation challenge that requires better knowledge of the factors affecting their populations, particularly in shared landscapes (i.e., non-protected areas where people occupy and or utilize the land). The Mexican wolf ( Canis lupus baileyi ) is an endangered wolf subspecies being recovered on shared landscapes in the Southwest United States and Mexico. We used data from the U.S. program to model population growth, evaluate the impact of management removal and illegal killing relative to other demographic factors, and test hypotheses about factors influencing rates of management removal and illegal killing. From 1998–2019, the population growth averaged 12% per year. Rates of natural reproduction, illegal killing, and other mortality remained consistent over the 22 years; while releases, translocations, and management removals varied markedly between two time periods, phase 1: 1998–2007 and phase 2: 2008–2019. The number of wolves removed for conflict management was higher during phase 1 (average ~13 per year, rate = 24.8%) than phase 2 (average of ~5 per year, rate = 5.2%). This decrease in management removal resulted in the wolf population resuming growth after a period of population stagnation. Two factors influenced this decrease, a change in policy regarding removal of wolves (stronger modeling support) and a decrease in the number of captive-reared adult wolves released into the wild (weaker modeling support). Illegal mortality was relatively constant across both phases, but after the decrease in management removal, illegal mortality became the most important factor (relative importance shifted from 28.2% to 50.1%). Illegal mortality was positively correlated with rates of reintroduction and translocation of wolves and negatively correlated with the rate of management removal. Synthesis and applications . Using management removal to reduce human-carnivore conflict can have negative population impacts if not used judiciously. Recovering ... |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Breck, Stewart Davis, Amy Oakleaf, John Bergman, David deVos, Jim Greer, J. Pepin, Kim |
author_facet |
Breck, Stewart Davis, Amy Oakleaf, John Bergman, David deVos, Jim Greer, J. Pepin, Kim |
author_sort |
Breck, Stewart |
title |
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States |
title_short |
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States |
title_full |
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States |
title_fullStr |
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States |
title_sort |
factors affecting the recovery of mexican wolves in the southwest united states |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb5z8 |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8140794 https://zenodo.org/communities/dryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb5z8 oai:zenodo.org:8161817 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb5z810.5281/zenodo.8140794 |
_version_ |
1810438596856905728 |