Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries
The proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) over recent years has made their surveillance complex. The analysis of raw municipal influent wastewater can allow a broader insight into community consumption patterns of NPS. This study examines data from an international wastewater surveillan...
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:7863613 2023-06-11T04:13:15+02:00 Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries Richard Bade Nikolaos Rousis Sangeet Adhikari Christine Baduel Lubertus Bijlsma Erasmia Bizani Tim Boogaerts Daniel A. Burgard Sara Castiglioni Andrew Chappell Adrian Covaci Erin M. Driver Fernando Fabriz Sodre Despo Fatta-Kassinos Aikaterini Galani Cobus Gerber Emma Gracia-Lor Elisa Gracia-Marín Rolf U. Halden Ester Heath Felix Hernandez Emma Jaunay Foon Yin Lai Heon-Jun Lee Maria Laimou-Geraniou Jeong-Eun Oh Kristin Olafsdottir Kaitlyn Phung Marco Pineda Castro Magda Psichoudaki Xueting Shao Noelia Salgueiro-Gonza Rafael Silva Feitosa Cezar Silvino Gomes Bikram Subedi Arndís Sue Ching Love Nikolaos Thomaidis Diana Tran Alexander van Nuijs Taja Verovsek Degao Wang Jason M. White Viviane Yargeau Ettore Zuccato Jochen F. Mueller 2023-04-25 https://zenodo.org/record/7863613 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7863613 eng eng info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/896141/ info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100179 doi:10.5281/zenodo.7863612 https://zenodo.org/record/7863613 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7863613 oai:zenodo.org:7863613 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Water Research X 19 100179 Illicit drugs Public health Monitoring 3-Methylmethcathinone Wastewater analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article 2023 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.786361310.1016/j.wroa.2023.10017910.5281/zenodo.7863612 2023-05-02T22:59:23Z The proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) over recent years has made their surveillance complex. The analysis of raw municipal influent wastewater can allow a broader insight into community consumption patterns of NPS. This study examines data from an international wastewater surveillance program that collected and analysed influent wastewater samples from up to 47 sites in 16 countries between 2019 and 2022. Influent wastewater samples were collected over the New Year period and analysed using validated liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry methods. Over the three years, a total of 18 NPS were found in at least one site. Synthetic cathinones were the most found class followed by phenethylamines and designer benzodiazepines. Furthermore, two ketamine analogues, one plant based NPS (mitragynine) and methiopropamine were also quantified across the three years. This work demonstrates that NPS are used across different continents and countries with the use of some more evident in particular regions. For example, mitragynine has highest mass loads in sites in the United States, while eutylone and 3-methylmethcathinone increased considerably in New Zealand and in several European countries, respectively. Moreover, 2F-deschloroketamine, an analogue of ketamine, has emerged more recently and could be quantified in several sites, including one in China, where it is considered as one of the drugs of most concern. Finally, some NPS were detected in specific regions during the initial sampling campaigns and spread to additional sites by the third campaign. Hence, wastewater surveillance can provide an insight into temporal and spatial trends of NPS use. The authors sincerely thank the wastewater treatment plant operators for their help in collecting samples and the support provided by the lab staff who performed the extraction of the samples. The authors also thank SCIEX for the use of their instrument and Liam O'Brien for his statistical advice. The University of Iceland wants to particularly acknowledge ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Zenodo New Zealand |
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language |
English |
topic |
Illicit drugs Public health Monitoring 3-Methylmethcathinone Wastewater analysis |
spellingShingle |
Illicit drugs Public health Monitoring 3-Methylmethcathinone Wastewater analysis Richard Bade Nikolaos Rousis Sangeet Adhikari Christine Baduel Lubertus Bijlsma Erasmia Bizani Tim Boogaerts Daniel A. Burgard Sara Castiglioni Andrew Chappell Adrian Covaci Erin M. Driver Fernando Fabriz Sodre Despo Fatta-Kassinos Aikaterini Galani Cobus Gerber Emma Gracia-Lor Elisa Gracia-Marín Rolf U. Halden Ester Heath Felix Hernandez Emma Jaunay Foon Yin Lai Heon-Jun Lee Maria Laimou-Geraniou Jeong-Eun Oh Kristin Olafsdottir Kaitlyn Phung Marco Pineda Castro Magda Psichoudaki Xueting Shao Noelia Salgueiro-Gonza Rafael Silva Feitosa Cezar Silvino Gomes Bikram Subedi Arndís Sue Ching Love Nikolaos Thomaidis Diana Tran Alexander van Nuijs Taja Verovsek Degao Wang Jason M. White Viviane Yargeau Ettore Zuccato Jochen F. Mueller Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
topic_facet |
Illicit drugs Public health Monitoring 3-Methylmethcathinone Wastewater analysis |
description |
The proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) over recent years has made their surveillance complex. The analysis of raw municipal influent wastewater can allow a broader insight into community consumption patterns of NPS. This study examines data from an international wastewater surveillance program that collected and analysed influent wastewater samples from up to 47 sites in 16 countries between 2019 and 2022. Influent wastewater samples were collected over the New Year period and analysed using validated liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry methods. Over the three years, a total of 18 NPS were found in at least one site. Synthetic cathinones were the most found class followed by phenethylamines and designer benzodiazepines. Furthermore, two ketamine analogues, one plant based NPS (mitragynine) and methiopropamine were also quantified across the three years. This work demonstrates that NPS are used across different continents and countries with the use of some more evident in particular regions. For example, mitragynine has highest mass loads in sites in the United States, while eutylone and 3-methylmethcathinone increased considerably in New Zealand and in several European countries, respectively. Moreover, 2F-deschloroketamine, an analogue of ketamine, has emerged more recently and could be quantified in several sites, including one in China, where it is considered as one of the drugs of most concern. Finally, some NPS were detected in specific regions during the initial sampling campaigns and spread to additional sites by the third campaign. Hence, wastewater surveillance can provide an insight into temporal and spatial trends of NPS use. The authors sincerely thank the wastewater treatment plant operators for their help in collecting samples and the support provided by the lab staff who performed the extraction of the samples. The authors also thank SCIEX for the use of their instrument and Liam O'Brien for his statistical advice. The University of Iceland wants to particularly acknowledge ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Richard Bade Nikolaos Rousis Sangeet Adhikari Christine Baduel Lubertus Bijlsma Erasmia Bizani Tim Boogaerts Daniel A. Burgard Sara Castiglioni Andrew Chappell Adrian Covaci Erin M. Driver Fernando Fabriz Sodre Despo Fatta-Kassinos Aikaterini Galani Cobus Gerber Emma Gracia-Lor Elisa Gracia-Marín Rolf U. Halden Ester Heath Felix Hernandez Emma Jaunay Foon Yin Lai Heon-Jun Lee Maria Laimou-Geraniou Jeong-Eun Oh Kristin Olafsdottir Kaitlyn Phung Marco Pineda Castro Magda Psichoudaki Xueting Shao Noelia Salgueiro-Gonza Rafael Silva Feitosa Cezar Silvino Gomes Bikram Subedi Arndís Sue Ching Love Nikolaos Thomaidis Diana Tran Alexander van Nuijs Taja Verovsek Degao Wang Jason M. White Viviane Yargeau Ettore Zuccato Jochen F. Mueller |
author_facet |
Richard Bade Nikolaos Rousis Sangeet Adhikari Christine Baduel Lubertus Bijlsma Erasmia Bizani Tim Boogaerts Daniel A. Burgard Sara Castiglioni Andrew Chappell Adrian Covaci Erin M. Driver Fernando Fabriz Sodre Despo Fatta-Kassinos Aikaterini Galani Cobus Gerber Emma Gracia-Lor Elisa Gracia-Marín Rolf U. Halden Ester Heath Felix Hernandez Emma Jaunay Foon Yin Lai Heon-Jun Lee Maria Laimou-Geraniou Jeong-Eun Oh Kristin Olafsdottir Kaitlyn Phung Marco Pineda Castro Magda Psichoudaki Xueting Shao Noelia Salgueiro-Gonza Rafael Silva Feitosa Cezar Silvino Gomes Bikram Subedi Arndís Sue Ching Love Nikolaos Thomaidis Diana Tran Alexander van Nuijs Taja Verovsek Degao Wang Jason M. White Viviane Yargeau Ettore Zuccato Jochen F. Mueller |
author_sort |
Richard Bade |
title |
Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
title_short |
Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
title_full |
Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
title_fullStr |
Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
title_sort |
three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://zenodo.org/record/7863613 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7863613 |
geographic |
New Zealand |
geographic_facet |
New Zealand |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Water Research X 19 100179 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/896141/ info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100179 doi:10.5281/zenodo.7863612 https://zenodo.org/record/7863613 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7863613 oai:zenodo.org:7863613 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.786361310.1016/j.wroa.2023.10017910.5281/zenodo.7863612 |
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1768390052214210560 |