REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS
West Nile virus (WNV) is an important zoonotic flavivirus responsible for mild fever to severe, lethal neuroinvasive disease in humans, horses, birds, and other wildlife species. Since its discovery, WNV has caused multiple human and animal disease outbreaks in all continents, except Antarctica. Inf...
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:7454508 2024-09-15T17:42:32+00:00 REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS Vaishnavi More * Madhuri Game Amol Sawale Deva Pundkar Taniya Gupta 2022-12-18 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454508 unknown Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454507 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454508 oai:zenodo.org:7454508 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2022 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.745450810.5281/zenodo.7454507 2024-07-26T13:48:43Z West Nile virus (WNV) is an important zoonotic flavivirus responsible for mild fever to severe, lethal neuroinvasive disease in humans, horses, birds, and other wildlife species. Since its discovery, WNV has caused multiple human and animal disease outbreaks in all continents, except Antarctica. Infections are associated with economic losses, mainly due to the cost of treatment of infected patients, control programmes, and loss of animals and animal products. The pathogenesis of WNV has been extensively investigated in natural hosts as well as in several animal models, including rodents, lagomorphs, birds, and reptiles. However, most of the proposed pathogenesis hypotheses remain contentious, and much remains to be elucidated. At the same time, the unavailability of specific antiviral treatment or effective and safe vaccines contribute to the perpetuation of the disease and regular occurrence of outbreaks in both endemic and non-endemic areas. Moreover, globalisation and climate change are also important drivers of the emergence and re-emergence of the virus and disease. Here, we give an update of the pathobiology, epidemiology, diagnostics, control, and “One Health” implications of WNV infection and disease. KEYWORDS: West Nile virus, One Health, epidemiology, outbreak Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Zenodo |
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West Nile virus (WNV) is an important zoonotic flavivirus responsible for mild fever to severe, lethal neuroinvasive disease in humans, horses, birds, and other wildlife species. Since its discovery, WNV has caused multiple human and animal disease outbreaks in all continents, except Antarctica. Infections are associated with economic losses, mainly due to the cost of treatment of infected patients, control programmes, and loss of animals and animal products. The pathogenesis of WNV has been extensively investigated in natural hosts as well as in several animal models, including rodents, lagomorphs, birds, and reptiles. However, most of the proposed pathogenesis hypotheses remain contentious, and much remains to be elucidated. At the same time, the unavailability of specific antiviral treatment or effective and safe vaccines contribute to the perpetuation of the disease and regular occurrence of outbreaks in both endemic and non-endemic areas. Moreover, globalisation and climate change are also important drivers of the emergence and re-emergence of the virus and disease. Here, we give an update of the pathobiology, epidemiology, diagnostics, control, and “One Health” implications of WNV infection and disease. KEYWORDS: West Nile virus, One Health, epidemiology, outbreak |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vaishnavi More * Madhuri Game Amol Sawale Deva Pundkar Taniya Gupta |
spellingShingle |
Vaishnavi More * Madhuri Game Amol Sawale Deva Pundkar Taniya Gupta REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS |
author_facet |
Vaishnavi More * Madhuri Game Amol Sawale Deva Pundkar Taniya Gupta |
author_sort |
Vaishnavi More * |
title |
REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS |
title_short |
REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS |
title_full |
REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS |
title_fullStr |
REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS |
title_full_unstemmed |
REVIEW ON: STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF WEST NILE VIRUS |
title_sort |
review on: study of pathophysiology and diagnosis of west nile virus |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454508 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454507 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454508 oai:zenodo.org:7454508 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.745450810.5281/zenodo.7454507 |
_version_ |
1810489125998952448 |