Figure 7 in Colonization of the Southern Hemisphere by fur seals and sea lions (Carnivora: Otariidae) revealed by combined evidence phylogenetic and Bayesian biogeographical analysis

• Main Authors: Churchill, Morgan, Boessenecker, Robert W., Clementz, Mark T.
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2014
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Southern Ocean; Galapagos; Pacific; Indian; New Zealand
• Online Access: https://zenodo.org/record/5312694; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5312694

Figure 7. Pattern of otariid dispersal based upon Bayesian ancestral area reconstruction presented in Figure 6. Numbers in circles represent major centres of origin, and with directions of dispersals indicated by arrows. Less certain dispersal routes are indicated by black dashed lines. 1, origin of Otariidae in North Pacific; 2, origin of Southern Hemisphere clade in eastern South Pacific; 3, dispersal of ancestor of Phocarctos to New Zealand; 4, dispersal of ancestor of Arctocephalus to South Africa; 5, tentative dispersal of Arctophoca tropicalis to Southern Ocean; 6, dispersal of Arctophoca gazella to Southern Ocean; 7, dispersal of Otaria and Arctophoca australis to Atlantic coastline of South America; 8, dispersal of Arctop. australis to New Zealand and Australia; 9, tentative dispersal of Arctocephalus to Australia from South Africa; 10, dispersal of Arctocephalus philippii to the west coast of North America; 11, dispersal of Zalophus to the Galapagos. Historic presence of sea lions (grey silhouettes) and fur seals (black silhouettes) on map indicated. Dispersal of Neophoca into Indian Ocean not shown. Published as part of Churchill, Morgan, Boessenecker, Robert W. & Clementz, Mark T., 2014, Colonization of the Southern Hemisphere by fur seals and sea lions (Carnivora: Otariidae) revealed by combined evidence phylogenetic and Bayesian biogeographical analysis, pp. 200-225 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172 (1) on page 211, DOI:10.1111/zoj.12163, http://zenodo.org/record/5312674