Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control
Background: Rabies is a serious yet neglected public health threat in resource-limited communities in Africa, where the virus is maintained in populations of owned, free-roaming domestic dogs. Rabies elimination can be achieved through the mass vaccination of dogs, but maintaining the critical thres...
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:4987400 2024-09-15T18:01:28+00:00 Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control Conan, Anne Akerele, Oluyemisi Simpson, Greg Reininghaus, Bjorn van Rooyen, Jacques Knobel, Darryn 2016-10-13 https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vq58f unknown Zenodo https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004177 https://zenodo.org/communities/dryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vq58f oai:zenodo.org:4987400 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode rabies virus migration rate domestic dog rabies Canis familiaris rabies control mortality rate health and demographic surveillance system vaccination coverage Canis lupus familiaris birth rate population growth rate critical vaccination threshold Population Ecology non-specific effects of vaccines demographics info:eu-repo/semantics/other 2016 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vq58f10.1371/journal.pntd.0004177 2024-07-26T04:20:30Z Background: Rabies is a serious yet neglected public health threat in resource-limited communities in Africa, where the virus is maintained in populations of owned, free-roaming domestic dogs. Rabies elimination can be achieved through the mass vaccination of dogs, but maintaining the critical threshold of vaccination coverage for herd immunity in these populations is hampered by their rapid turnover. Knowledge of the population dynamics of free-roaming dog populations can inform effective planning and implementation of mass dog vaccination campaigns to control rabies. Methodology/Principal Findings: We implemented a health and demographic surveillance system in dogs that monitored the entire owned dog population within a defined geographic area in a community in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. We quantified demographic rates over a 24-month period, from 1st January 2012 through 1st January 2014, and assessed their implications for rabies control by simulating the decline in vaccination coverage over time. During this period, the population declined by 10%. Annual population growth rates were +18.6% in 2012 and -24.5% in 2013. Crude annual birth rates (per 1,000 dog-years of observation) were 451 in 2012 and 313 in 2013. Crude annual death rates were 406 in 2012 and 568 in 2013. Females suffered a significantly higher mortality rate in 2013 than males (mortality rate ratio [MRR] = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.28-1.85). In the age class 0-3 months, the mortality rate of dogs vaccinated against rabies was significantly lower than that of unvaccinated dogs (2012: MRR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.05-0.21; 2013: MRR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.11-0.69). The results of the simulation showed that achieving a 70% vaccination coverage during annual campaigns would maintain coverage above the critical threshold for at least 12 months. Conclusions and Significance: Our findings provide an evidence base for the World Health Organization's empirically-derived target of 70% vaccination coverage during annual campaigns. Achieving this will be effective ... Other/Unknown Material Canis lupus Zenodo |
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op_collection_id |
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language |
unknown |
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rabies virus migration rate domestic dog rabies Canis familiaris rabies control mortality rate health and demographic surveillance system vaccination coverage Canis lupus familiaris birth rate population growth rate critical vaccination threshold Population Ecology non-specific effects of vaccines demographics |
spellingShingle |
rabies virus migration rate domestic dog rabies Canis familiaris rabies control mortality rate health and demographic surveillance system vaccination coverage Canis lupus familiaris birth rate population growth rate critical vaccination threshold Population Ecology non-specific effects of vaccines demographics Conan, Anne Akerele, Oluyemisi Simpson, Greg Reininghaus, Bjorn van Rooyen, Jacques Knobel, Darryn Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
topic_facet |
rabies virus migration rate domestic dog rabies Canis familiaris rabies control mortality rate health and demographic surveillance system vaccination coverage Canis lupus familiaris birth rate population growth rate critical vaccination threshold Population Ecology non-specific effects of vaccines demographics |
description |
Background: Rabies is a serious yet neglected public health threat in resource-limited communities in Africa, where the virus is maintained in populations of owned, free-roaming domestic dogs. Rabies elimination can be achieved through the mass vaccination of dogs, but maintaining the critical threshold of vaccination coverage for herd immunity in these populations is hampered by their rapid turnover. Knowledge of the population dynamics of free-roaming dog populations can inform effective planning and implementation of mass dog vaccination campaigns to control rabies. Methodology/Principal Findings: We implemented a health and demographic surveillance system in dogs that monitored the entire owned dog population within a defined geographic area in a community in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. We quantified demographic rates over a 24-month period, from 1st January 2012 through 1st January 2014, and assessed their implications for rabies control by simulating the decline in vaccination coverage over time. During this period, the population declined by 10%. Annual population growth rates were +18.6% in 2012 and -24.5% in 2013. Crude annual birth rates (per 1,000 dog-years of observation) were 451 in 2012 and 313 in 2013. Crude annual death rates were 406 in 2012 and 568 in 2013. Females suffered a significantly higher mortality rate in 2013 than males (mortality rate ratio [MRR] = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.28-1.85). In the age class 0-3 months, the mortality rate of dogs vaccinated against rabies was significantly lower than that of unvaccinated dogs (2012: MRR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.05-0.21; 2013: MRR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.11-0.69). The results of the simulation showed that achieving a 70% vaccination coverage during annual campaigns would maintain coverage above the critical threshold for at least 12 months. Conclusions and Significance: Our findings provide an evidence base for the World Health Organization's empirically-derived target of 70% vaccination coverage during annual campaigns. Achieving this will be effective ... |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Conan, Anne Akerele, Oluyemisi Simpson, Greg Reininghaus, Bjorn van Rooyen, Jacques Knobel, Darryn |
author_facet |
Conan, Anne Akerele, Oluyemisi Simpson, Greg Reininghaus, Bjorn van Rooyen, Jacques Knobel, Darryn |
author_sort |
Conan, Anne |
title |
Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
title_short |
Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
title_full |
Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
title_fullStr |
Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
title_sort |
data from: population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vq58f |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004177 https://zenodo.org/communities/dryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vq58f oai:zenodo.org:4987400 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vq58f10.1371/journal.pntd.0004177 |
_version_ |
1810438623048237056 |