Data from: Infanticide as a male reproductive strategy has a nutritive risk effect in brown bears

• Main Authors: Steyaert, Sam M. J. G., Reusch, Christine, Brunberg, Sven, Swenson, Jon E., Hackländer, Klaus, Zedrosser, Andreas, Hacklander, K.
• Format: Dataset
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2013
• Subjects: Ursus arctos; risk effects; brown bear; segregation; sexually selected infanticide; Lone
• Online Access: https://zenodo.org/record/4976849; https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h359g

Behavioral strategies to reduce predation can incur costs (i.e. risk effects). A common strategy to avoid predation is spatiotemporal avoidance of predators, in which prey typically trade optimal resources for safety. Analogous with predator-prey theory, risk effects should also arise in species with sexually selected infanticide (SSI), in which females with dependent offspring avoid infanticidal males. In brown bears (Ursus arctos), SSI is common and explains spatiotemporal segregation among reproductive classes. Here, we show that females with cubs-of-the-year had lower quality diets than conspecifics during the SSI high-risk period, the mating season. After the mating season, their diets were of similar quality to diets of their conspecifics. Our results suggest a nutritive risk effect of SSI, in which females with cubs-of-the-year alter their resource selection and trade optimal resources for offspring safety. We suggest that risk effects can be widespread among species with SSI, and that these risk effects can add to the female costs of reproduction. ESM_data_ssi_risk_effectsFecal crude fiber (fiber) and protein content (% dry matter) in brown bear feces collected during the mating (1) and postmating (3) season of 2010 in central Sweden. 'repro' indicates the reproductive status (AM = adult males, FWC = females with cubs-of-the-year, AF = lone adult female). Age indicates the age (years) of the each individual bear. 'fieldtime' and 'oventime' indicate the time (hours) that samples were exposed in the field and the oven, respectively. 'densiometer' indicates the canopy cover at the location where each sample was collected.