The parasitic lifestyle of an archaeal symbiont

• Main Authors: Joshua N. Hamm, Yan Liao, Andriko von Kügelgen, Nina Dombrowski, Evan Landers, Christopher Brownlee, Emma M. V. Johansson, Renee M. Whan, Matthew A. B. Baker, Buzz Baum, Tanmay A. M. Bharat, Iain Duggin, Anja Spang, Ricardo Cavicchioli
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: Zenodo 2020
• Subjects: Archaea; DPANN; microscopy; Antarc*; antarcticus
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4707105

Abstract DPANN Archaea are a diverse group typically characterised by small cells and reduced genomes. To date, all cultivated DPANN Archaea are ectosymbionts that require direct cell contact with a host archaeal species for proliferation. However, the dynamics of DPANN – host interactions and the impacts of these interactions on host species are poorly understood. Here, we show that one DPANN archaeon ( Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeum antarcticus) engages in parasitic interactions with its host ( Halorubrum lacusprofundi ) that result in host cell lysis. Our data also suggest that these interactions involve invasion of the host cell by the nanohaloarchaeon. This is the first reported instance of such a predatory-like lifestyle amongst Archaea and indicates that some DPANN Archaea may interact with host populations in a manner similar to viruses. If you find content useful and use part it for your work please cite this study . Repository contents 1_Phylogenies.tar.gz includes all files needed to generate the phylogeny shown in Figure 4 of the associated manuscript. Specifically, this includes: The Workflow used to generated the species tree Any required dependencies such as custom scripts or custom databases The protein files from The proteins from all archaeal reference genomes that were used to generate the protein tree The 51 marker proteins used to generate the species tree The mafft_linsi alignments of the 51 marker proteins The BMGE trimmed alignments of the 51 marker proteins The concatenated alignment used to generate the species tree The output of the IQ-TREE analysis 2_Protein_search.tar.gz includes all files needed to generate (a) the HMM profiles specific the two proteins witha coiled-coil protein (CCP) domain (referred to as Locus1 and Locus2 throughout the description) and (b) the Phyre2 results for all potential Locus1 and Locus2 proteins found in the archaea reference set.Specifically, this includes: (a) The script used to build the HMM profiles Any required dependencies The sequences of Locus1 and ...